Conjugated polymers (CPs) have drawn great attention due to their excellent optical and electronic properties for decades. Among the varieties of CPs, polyacetylenes (PAs) triggered a revolution in polymer science due to their conductivity in highly doped state. Yet, the unstability and unprocessability of the pristine polyacetylene led researchers exploring their derivatives with substituents. Luckily, greatly improved stability and processability have been achieved by poly(disubstituted polyacetylene)s or PDSAs, that show efficient fluorescence emission in both solution and solid state and excellent circular polarized luminescence. This review summarizes recent research regarding PDSAs, beginning with the novel achievements of the discovery of the Pd-based catalyst systems for the polymerization of disubstituted acetylene monomers (DSAms), followed by a description of the effect of polymerization catalysts on the stereochemistry of obtained polymers and the effect of the stereochemistry on functional properties. Then, an updated summary of alternative synthetic routes to PDSAs, that is, post-polymerization modifications is contributed. This strategy has shown strong vitality due to the highly efficient reaction tools furnished by organic chemists such as click chemistry and activated esters. PDSAs usually possess intrinsically porous structure, exhibiting significant and variable fluorescent responses to exotic species such as solvents with different polarities, metal cations and explosives, and these properties indicate that PDSAs are promising candidates for fluorescent sensors and probes. Their reversible responses to applied fields such as stress and fluid gradient allow PDSAs to be active components of actuators. Moreover, due to the unique conjugated polyene main-chain and metathesis polymerization mechanism, PDSAs pronounced chirality transfer capacity and outstanding circular polarized luminescent property. Finally, an outlook of the application and suggestions of the synthetic efforts are forwarded.

共轭聚合物（CP）数十年来一直具有出色的光学和电子性能，因此备受关注。在各种CP中，聚乙炔（PA）由于在高掺杂状态下的导电性而引发了聚合物科学的一场革命。然而，原始聚乙炔的不稳定性和不可加工性促使研究人员探索其具有取代基的衍生物。幸运的是，通过聚（二取代聚乙炔）或PDSA可以大大提高稳定性和可加工性，它们在溶液和固态下均显示出有效的荧光发射，并具有出色的圆偏振发光性能。这篇综述总结了有关PDSA的最新研究，首先是发现了用于双取代乙炔单体（DSAms）聚合的Pd基催化剂体系的新成果，接下来描述聚合催化剂对所得聚合物的立体化学的影响以及立体化学对功能性质的影响。然后，提供了PDSA替代合成路线的最新摘要，即聚合后的修饰。由于有机化学家提供的高效反应工具（例如点击化学和活化的酯），该策略已显示出强大的生命力。PDSA通常具有固有的多孔结构，对诸如极性不同的溶剂，金属阳离子和爆炸物等外来物种表现出显着且可变的荧光响应，这些特性表明PDSA是荧光传感器和探针的有希望的候选者。它们对应力和流体梯度等应用场的可逆响应使PDSA成为执行器的主动组件。此外，由于独特的共轭多烯主链和复分解聚合机理，PDSA具有明显的手性转移能力和出色的圆偏振发光性能。最后，提出了应用前景和综合努力的建议。