In this issue of JAMA Internal Medicine, Fralick and colleagues¹ create a straw man to demonstrate that observational treatment comparisons could be useful for expanding indications for medical products. The authors modeled the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination with Ramipril Global End-point Trial (ONTARGET),² which compared the angiotensin receptor antagonist telmisartan and the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril for the treatment of hypertension. That trial,² published in 2008, found that telmisartan was equally effective to ramipril, with fewer incidences of angioedema. Participants who received both drugs experienced more adverse events but no increase in benefits.

在本期《JAMA内科医学》中， Fralick及其同事¹创建了一个稻草人，以证明观察性治疗的比较可能有助于扩大医疗产品的适应症。作者对单独进行中的替米沙坦进行了建模，并与雷米普利全球终点试验（ONTARGET）[ ^2]进行了建模，该试验比较了血管紧张素受体拮抗剂替米沙坦和血管紧张素转化酶抑制剂雷米普利对高血压的治疗作用。该试验于2008年发表²，发现替米沙坦对雷米普利同样有效，血管性水肿的发生率更低。接受两种药物治疗的参与者发生的不良事件更多，但获益并未增加。