Thyroid cancer represents one of the most biologically and clinically diverse solid malignancies. While most thyroid cancers originate from the follicular cells, the genetic alterations that drive these cancers are unique to each histologic subtype (1). Further, the behavior of thyroid cancer has a wide spectrum, from the commonly indolent and widespread papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (present in up to 35.6% of individuals at autopsy) to the uniformly rare and lethal undifferentiated thyroid cancer (2,3). Our understanding of the genetic events involved in thyroid cancer initiation and progression has grown, with some having translational implications for predicting thyroid cancer behavior and as therapeutic targets for advanced thyroid cancer (4).

中文翻译：

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甲状腺癌：基因中的全部吗？

甲状腺癌代表了生物学上和临床上最多样化的实体恶性肿瘤之一。尽管大多数甲状腺癌起源于卵泡细胞，但驱动这些癌变的遗传改变对于每种组织学亚型而言都是独特的（1）。此外，甲状腺癌的行为范围很广，从通常惰性的和广泛分布的乳头状甲状腺微癌（尸检时最多占35.6％的个体）到统一罕见且致命的未分化甲状腺癌（2,3）。我们对与甲状腺癌的发生和发展有关的遗传事件的理解已经增长，其中一些对预测甲状腺癌的行为和作为晚期甲状腺癌的治疗靶标具有翻译意义（4）。