Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are rapidly increasing globally. Currently used therapeutic agents to treat CNS diseases exhibit significant efficacy. However, the inability of these drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and invasiveness of the technologies to achieve localized drug delivery in disease-specific parts of the brain have thwarted pain-free and complete treatment of CNS diseases. Therefore, the safe, non-invasive, and targeted delivery of drugs to the brain using nanoparticles (NPs) is currently receiving considerable research attention. Here, we highlight advances in state-of-the-art personalized nanomedicine for the treatment of CNS diseases (with a focus on dementia), the related challenges, possible solutions, and prospects for nano-enabled personalized medicine.

全球中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病正在迅速增加。当前用于治疗CNS疾病的治疗剂表现出显着的功效。但是，这些药物无法穿越血脑屏障（BBB），并且该技术的侵入性无法在特定疾病的大脑局部实现局部药物输送，这阻碍了CNS疾病的无痛和彻底治疗。因此，目前使用纳米颗粒（NPs）将药物安全，无创且靶向地输送到大脑的研究受到了广泛关注。在这里，我们重点介绍了用于治疗中枢神经系统疾病（以痴呆症为重点）的最新个性化纳米药物的进展，相关挑战，可能的解决方案以及纳米支持的个性化药物的前景。