Abstract The integrated process of ozonation coupled with ceramic membrane filtration has been actively utilized to alleviate membrane fouling in water/wastewater treatment, however, the effect of ozonation on protein-based ceramic membrane fouling is still contradictory. Herein, for the first time, we reported the severe protein-based ceramic membrane fouling at high ozone dosage in the integrated process of ozonation coupled with ceramic membrane filtration and the related fouling mechanism was systematically explored. Ozonation at low dosage slightly mitigated membrane fouling, whereas severe membrane fouling occurred at high ozone dosage (10 mg/L for pre-ozonation; 4 and 10 mg/L for in-situ ozonation). At high ozone dosage, the trans-membrane pressure (TMP) remarkably increased (> 40 kPa) within 90 min and both hydraulically reversible and irreversible fouling contributed to the total membrane fouling resistance. Electro kinetic potential and particle size of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution were not the key factors affecting the aggravated membrane fouling at high ozone dosage. The remarkably deteriorated membrane fouling at high ozone dosage can be accounted for the formation of BSA crosslinks ascribed to the oligomerization and agglomeration of BSA and the intermolecular disulfide bridge formation with the crosslinks progressively accumulating on the membrane surface and in the membrane pores during filtration. The modeling results confirmed that the BSA-based membrane fouling mechanism was changed from cake-intermediate to cake-standard with ozonation at high ozone dosage. Meanwhile, the cake layer and/or gel layer played a more important role for the aggravated membrane fouling at high ozone dosage even though the contribution of pore blocking was also significant.

中文翻译：

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预臭氧化或原位臭氧化是否真的能减轻臭氧化与陶瓷膜过滤一体化过程中蛋白质基陶瓷膜的污染？

摘要 臭氧结合陶瓷膜过滤的综合工艺已被积极用于缓解水/废水处理中的膜污染，但臭氧对蛋白质基陶瓷膜污染的影响仍然存在矛盾。在此，我们首次报道了臭氧化结合陶瓷膜过滤的综合过程中高臭氧剂量下蛋白质基陶瓷膜的严重污染，并系统地探讨了相关的污染机制。低剂量的臭氧化略微减轻了膜污染，而高臭氧剂量下发生了严重的膜污染（预臭氧化为 10 毫克/升；原位臭氧化为 4 和 10 毫克/升）。在高臭氧剂量下，跨膜压 (TMP) 显着增加 (> 40 kPa) 在 90 分钟内，水力可逆和不可逆污染都对总膜污染阻力有贡献。牛血清白蛋白（BSA）溶液的电动势和粒径不是影响高臭氧剂量下膜污染加重的关键因素。在高臭氧剂量下显着恶化的膜污染可以解释 BSA 交联的形成归因于 BSA 的低聚和团聚以及分子间二硫键的形成，交联在过滤过程中逐渐积累在膜表面和膜孔中。建模结果证实了基于 BSA 的膜污染机制在高臭氧剂量下通过臭氧化从滤饼中间变为滤饼标准。同时，