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Controlling Reactivity by Geometry in Retro-Diels–Alder Reactions under Tension
Journal of the American Chemical Society ( IF 14.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-13 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08895
Richard Stevenson 1 , Guillaume De Bo 1
Affiliation  

Mechanical force, with its ability to distort, bend, and stretch chemical bonds, is unique in the way it activates chemical reactions. In polymer mechanochemistry, the force is transduced in a directional fashion, and the efficiency of activation depends on how well the force is transduced from the polymer to the scissile bond in the mechanophore (i.e., mechanochemical coupling). We have investigated the effects of regio- and stereochemistry on the rate of force-accelerated retro-Diels–Alder reactions of furan/maleimide adducts. Four adducts, presenting an endo or exo configuration and proximal or distal geometry, were activated in solution by ultrasound-generated elongational forces. A combination of structural (1H NMR) and computational (CoGEF) analyses allowed us to interrogate the mechanochemical activation of these adducts. We found that, unlike its thermal counterpart where the reactivity is dictated by the stereochemistry, the mechanical reactivity is mainly dependent on the regiochemistry. Remarkably, the thermally active distal-exo adduct becomes inert under tension due to poor mechanochemical coupling.

中文翻译:

在张力下通过逆Diels-Alder反应中的几何来控制反应性

机械力具有扭曲,弯曲和拉伸化学键的能力,在激活化学反应的方式上是独特的。在聚合物力学化学中,力是以定向方式传递的,活化的效率取决于力从聚合物传递到力学基团中的易断裂键的传递程度(即,机械化学偶联)。我们研究了区域化学和立体化学对呋喃/马来酰亚胺加合物强制加速逆Diels-Alder反应速率的影响。呈现构型以及近端远端几何形状的四个加合物在溶液中被超声产生的伸长力激活。组合结构(11 H NMR)和计算分析(CoGEF)使我们能够研究这些加合物的机械化学活化。我们发现,与其反应性由立体化学决定的热对应物不同,机械反应性主要取决于区域化学。值得注意的是,由于不良的机械化学偶联作用,热活性远侧-外加合物在张力下变得惰性。
更新日期:2017-11-16
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