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Environmental, Economic, and Scalability Considerations and Trends of Selected Fuel Economy-Enhancing Biomass-Derived Blendstocks
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-15 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02871 Jennifer B. Dunn 1 , Mary Biddy 2 , Susanne Jones 3 , Hao Cai 1 , Pahola Thathiana Benavides 1 , Jennifer Markham 2 , Ling Tao 2 , Eric Tan 2 , Christopher Kinchin 2 , Ryan Davis 2 , Abhijit Dutta 2 , Mark Bearden 3 , Christopher Clayton 3 , Steven Phillips 3 , Kenneth Rappé 3 , Patrick Lamers 4
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-15 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02871 Jennifer B. Dunn 1 , Mary Biddy 2 , Susanne Jones 3 , Hao Cai 1 , Pahola Thathiana Benavides 1 , Jennifer Markham 2 , Ling Tao 2 , Eric Tan 2 , Christopher Kinchin 2 , Ryan Davis 2 , Abhijit Dutta 2 , Mark Bearden 3 , Christopher Clayton 3 , Steven Phillips 3 , Kenneth Rappé 3 , Patrick Lamers 4
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Twenty-four biomass-derived compounds and mixtures, identified based on their physical properties, which could be blended into fuels to improve spark ignition engine fuel economy, were assessed for their economic, technology readiness, and environmental viability. These bio-blendstocks were modeled to be produced biochemically, thermochemically, or through hybrid processes. To carry out the assessment, 17 metrics were developed for which each bio-blendstock was determined to be favorable, neutral, or unfavorable. Cellulosic ethanol was included as a reference case. Overall economic and, to some extent, environmental viability is driven by projected yields for each of these processes. The metrics used in this analysis methodology highlight the near-term potential to achieve these targeted yield estimates when considering data quality and current technical readiness for these conversion strategies. Key knowledge gaps included the degree of purity needed for use as a bio-blendstock. Less stringent purification requirements for fuels could cut processing costs and environmental impacts. Additionally, more information is needed on the blending behavior of many of these bio-blendstocks with gasoline to support the technology readiness evaluation. Overall, the technology to produce many of these blendstocks from biomass is emerging, and as it matures, these assessments must be revisited. Importantly, considering economic, environmental, and technology readiness factors, in addition to physical properties of blendstocks that could be used to boost engine efficiency and fuel economy, in the early stages of project research and development can help spotlight those most likely to be viable in the near term.
中文翻译：
选定的燃料经济性增强型生物质混合原料的环境，经济和可扩展性考虑因素及趋势
根据其物理特性鉴定了二十四种生物质衍生的化合物和混合物，可以将其掺入燃料中以改善火花点火发动机的燃料经济性，评估其经济性，技术就绪性和环境可行性。这些生物共混物经过建模可通过生物化学，热化学或混合工艺生产。为了进行评估，开发了17个度量标准，针对这些度量标准，每种生物共混物都被确定为有利，中立或不利。包括纤维素乙醇作为参考案例。这些过程中每一个的预计产量都将推动整体经济以及某种程度上的环境生存能力。在考虑这些转换策略的数据质量和当前技术准备情况时，此分析方法中使用的指标突出显示了实现这些目标产量估算值的近期潜力。关键的知识差距包括用作生物混合物所需的纯度。对燃料的较不严格的净化要求可以降低加工成本和环境影响。此外，还需要更多有关许多这些生物混合原料与汽油的混合行为的信息，以支持技术就绪性评估。总体而言，由生物质生产许多此类混合原料的技术正在兴起，随着技术的成熟，必须重新评估这些评估。重要的是，考虑到经济，环境和技术准备就绪因素，
更新日期：2017-11-16
中文翻译：
选定的燃料经济性增强型生物质混合原料的环境，经济和可扩展性考虑因素及趋势
根据其物理特性鉴定了二十四种生物质衍生的化合物和混合物，可以将其掺入燃料中以改善火花点火发动机的燃料经济性，评估其经济性，技术就绪性和环境可行性。这些生物共混物经过建模可通过生物化学，热化学或混合工艺生产。为了进行评估，开发了17个度量标准，针对这些度量标准，每种生物共混物都被确定为有利，中立或不利。包括纤维素乙醇作为参考案例。这些过程中每一个的预计产量都将推动整体经济以及某种程度上的环境生存能力。在考虑这些转换策略的数据质量和当前技术准备情况时，此分析方法中使用的指标突出显示了实现这些目标产量估算值的近期潜力。关键的知识差距包括用作生物混合物所需的纯度。对燃料的较不严格的净化要求可以降低加工成本和环境影响。此外，还需要更多有关许多这些生物混合原料与汽油的混合行为的信息，以支持技术就绪性评估。总体而言，由生物质生产许多此类混合原料的技术正在兴起，随着技术的成熟，必须重新评估这些评估。重要的是，考虑到经济，环境和技术准备就绪因素，
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