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Orbitofrontal Cortex: A Neural Circuit for Economic Decisions.
Neuron ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-Nov-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.031 Camillo Padoa-Schioppa 1 , Katherine E Conen 2
Neuron ( IF 14.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-Nov-15 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.09.031 Camillo Padoa-Schioppa 1 , Katherine E Conen 2
Affiliation
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Economic choice behavior entails the computation and comparison of subjective values. A central contribution of neuroeconomics has been to show that subjective values are represented explicitly at the neuronal level. With this result at hand, the field has increasingly focused on the difficult question of where in the brain and how exactly subjective values are compared to make a decision. Here, we review a broad range of experimental and theoretical results suggesting that good-based decisions are generated in a neural circuit within the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). The main lines of evidence supporting this proposal include the fact that goal-directed behavior is specifically disrupted by OFC lesions, the fact that different groups of neurons in this area encode the input and the output of the decision process, the fact that activity fluctuations in each of these cell groups correlate with choice variability, and the fact that these groups of neurons are computationally sufficient to generate decisions. Results from other brain regions are consistent with the idea that good-based decisions take place in OFC and indicate that value signals inform a variety of mental functions. We also contrast the present proposal with other leading models for the neural mechanisms of economic decisions. Finally, we indicate open questions and suggest possible directions for future research.
中文翻译：
眶额皮层：经济决策的神经回路。
经济选择行为需要对主观价值的计算和比较。神经经济学的一个核心贡献是表明主观价值在神经元水平上得到了明确的体现。有了这个结果，该领域越来越关注这样一个难题：大脑的哪个位置以及如何准确地比较主观价值以做出决定。在这里，我们回顾了广泛的实验和理论结果，表明基于良好的决策是在眶额皮层 (OFC) 内的神经回路中产生的。支持这一提议的主要证据包括以下事实：目标导向行为特别受到 OFC 损伤的干扰；该区域中不同神经元组对决策过程的输入和输出进行编码；这些细胞群中的每一个都与选择变异性相关，并且这些神经元群在计算上足以生成决策这一事实。其他大脑区域的结果与 OFC 中发生基于良好的决策的观点一致，并表明价值信号告知各种心理功能。我们还将当前的提议与经济决策神经机制的其他领先模型进行了对比。最后，我们指出了悬而未决的问题并提出了未来研究的可能方向。
更新日期：2017-11-16
中文翻译：
眶额皮层：经济决策的神经回路。
经济选择行为需要对主观价值的计算和比较。神经经济学的一个核心贡献是表明主观价值在神经元水平上得到了明确的体现。有了这个结果，该领域越来越关注这样一个难题：大脑的哪个位置以及如何准确地比较主观价值以做出决定。在这里，我们回顾了广泛的实验和理论结果，表明基于良好的决策是在眶额皮层 (OFC) 内的神经回路中产生的。支持这一提议的主要证据包括以下事实：目标导向行为特别受到 OFC 损伤的干扰；该区域中不同神经元组对决策过程的输入和输出进行编码；这些细胞群中的每一个都与选择变异性相关，并且这些神经元群在计算上足以生成决策这一事实。其他大脑区域的结果与 OFC 中发生基于良好的决策的观点一致，并表明价值信号告知各种心理功能。我们还将当前的提议与经济决策神经机制的其他领先模型进行了对比。最后，我们指出了悬而未决的问题并提出了未来研究的可能方向。
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