Notes on The Energy Equivalence of Information,The Journal of Physical Chemistry A

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Notes on The Energy Equivalence of Information
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-15 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09528
Chérif F. Matta _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Lou Massa ₅

Affiliation

Maxwell’s demon makes observations and thereby collects information. As Brillouin points out such information is the negative of entropy (negentropy) and is the equivalent of a cost in energy. The energy cost of information can be quantified in the relationship E = kT ln 2, where k is the Boltzmann constant, T is the absolute temperature, and the factor ln 2 arises from the existence of two possibilities for a “yes/no” circumstance, as, for example, in the passage of a proton through a barrier controlled by a Maxwell’s demon. This paper considers further conclusions that follow from the quantification of the energy cost of information. First, consideration of the minimum uncertainty in the measurement of energy cost of information leads to an expression for the uncertainty in the corresponding time of the measurement, which depends inversely upon temperature at which the measurements occur. Second, because of the universal connection between energy and mass, an almost imperceptible mass accompanies the accumulation of information. And third, to account for the total free energy change that describes the action of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase, an additional term is suggested to be appended to the Mitchell chemiosmotic equation, which describes this process. The additional term accounts for the energy cost of sorting away from background ions those protons allowed to enter the ATP synthase.

中文翻译：

关于信息的能量等效性的说明

麦克斯韦的恶魔进行观察，从而收集信息。正如布里渊（Brillouin）指出的那样，此类信息是熵的负值（负熵），相当于能源成本。信息的能量成本可以通过关系式E = kT ln 2来量化，其中k是玻尔兹曼常数T是绝对温度，因数ln 2是由于存在两种“是/否”情况的可能性而产生的，例如质子穿过麦克斯韦恶魔控制的障碍物时。本文考虑了从信息能源成本的量化得出的其他结论。首先，考虑信息能量成本测量中的最小不确定性会导致表示相应测量时间中的不确定性，该表达式反过来取决于测量发生时的温度。其次，由于能量和质量之间的普遍联系，几乎没有察觉的质量伴随着信息的积累。第三，要说明描述三磷酸腺苷（ATP）合酶作用的总自由能变化，建议在Mitchell化学渗透方程中附加一个附加术语，以描述该过程。额外的术语解释了从质子允许进入ATP合酶的背景离子中分拣出来的能源成本。

更新日期：2017-11-16

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