Red blood cells (RBCs)-based vesicles have been widely used for drug delivery due to their unique advantages. Intact RBCs contain a large amount of oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb), which can assist with photodynamic therapy (PDT). Indocyanine green (ICG), a photosensitizer both for photothermal therapy (PTT) and PDT, shows potent anticancer efficacy when combined with chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX). In this study, we prepared nanoscaled RBCs (RAs) containing oxyHb and gas-generating agent ammonium bicarbonate (ABC) for co-loading and controlled release of ICG and DOX, thus hoping to achieve synergistic effects of PTT/PDT and chemotherapy against breast cancer. Compared to free ICG, ICG and DOX co-loaded RAs (DIRAs) exhibited nearly identical PTT efficiency both in vitro and in vivo, but meanwhile their PDT efficiency was enhanced significantly. In mouse breast cancer cells, DIRAs significantly inhibited cell growth and induced cell apoptosis after laser irradiation. In breast tumor-bearing mice, intratumoral injection of DIRAs and followed by local laser irradiation almost completely ablated breast tumor and further suppressed tumor recurrence and metastasis. In conclusion, this biomimetic multifunctional nanosystem can facilitate breast cancer treatment by combining PTT/PDT and chemotherapy.

基于红细胞（RBC）的囊泡由于其独特的优势而被广泛用于药物输送。完整的RBC含有大量的氧合血红蛋白（oxyHb），可协助进行光动力疗法（PDT）。吲哚菁绿（ICG）是一种同时用于光热疗法（PTT）和PDT的光敏剂，与化疗药物阿霉素（DOX）结合使用时显示出有效的抗癌功效。在这项研究中，我们制备了含有oxyHb和气体发生剂碳酸氢铵（ABC）的纳米级RBC（RA），用于ICG和DOX的共同负载和控制释放，从而希望实现PTT / PDT和化学疗法对乳腺癌的协同作用。与免费的ICG相比，ICG和DOX共同负载的RA（DIRA）在体内和体外表现出几乎相同的PTT效率，但同时它们的PDT效率也显着提高。在小鼠乳腺癌细胞中，DIRAs显着抑制细胞生长并诱导激光照射后的细胞凋亡。在带有乳腺肿瘤的小鼠中，在肿瘤内注射DIRA，然后局部激光照射几乎完全消融了乳腺肿瘤，并进一步抑制了肿瘤的复发和转移。总之，这种仿生多功能纳米系统可以通过结合PTT / PDT和化学疗法来促进乳腺癌的治疗。