The preparation of ferroelectric polymer–metallic nanowire composite nanofiber triboelectric layers is described for use in high‐performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)–silver nanowire (AgNW) composite and nylon nanofibers are utilized in the TENGs as the top and bottom triboelectric layers, respectively. The electrospinning process facilitates uniaxial stretching of the polymer chains, which enhances the formation of the highly oriented crystalline β‐phase that forms the most polar crystalline phase of PVDF. The addition of AgNWs further promotes the β‐phase crystal formation by introducing electrostatic interactions between the surface charges of the nanowires and the dipoles of the PVDF chains. The extent of β‐phase formation and the resulting variations in the surface charge potential upon the addition of nanowires are systematically analyzed using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques. The ability of trapping the induced tribocharges increases upon the addition of nanowires to the PVDF matrix. The enhanced surface charge potential and the charge trapping capabilities of the PVDF–AgNW composite nanofibers significantly enhance the TENG output performances. Finally, the mechanical stability of the electrospun nanofibers is dramatically enhanced while maintaining the TENG performances by applying thermal welding near the melting temperature of PVDF.

中文翻译：

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基于静电纺丝聚偏二氟乙烯-银纳米线复合纳米纤维的高性能摩擦电纳米发电机

描述了铁电聚合物-金属纳米线复合纳米纤维摩擦电层的制备，以用于高性能摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）。在TENG中，电纺聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）-银纳米线（AgNW）复合材料和尼龙纳米纤维分别用作顶部和底部摩擦电层。电纺过程促进了聚合物链的单轴拉伸，从而增强了高度定向的结晶β相的形成，该相形成了PVDF的最极性结晶相。AgNWs的加入通过在纳米线的表面电荷与PVDF链的偶极之间引入静电相互作用，进一步促进了β相晶体的形成。使用X射线衍射（XRD）和Kelvin探针力显微镜技术，系统地分析了添加纳米线后β相形成的程度以及表面电荷电势的变化。当将纳米线添加到PVDF基质中时，捕获感应的摩擦电荷的能力会增加。PVDF-AgNW复合纳米纤维的增强的表面电荷电势和电荷捕获能力极大地提高了TENG的输出性能。最后，通过在PVDF的熔化温度附近进行热焊接，可在保持TENG性能的同时显着提高电纺纳米纤维的机械稳定性。当将纳米线添加到PVDF基质中时，捕获感应的摩擦电荷的能力会增加。PVDF-AgNW复合纳米纤维的增强的表面电荷电势和电荷捕获能力极大地提高了TENG的输出性能。最后，通过在PVDF的熔化温度附近进行热焊接，可在保持TENG性能的同时显着提高电纺纳米纤维的机械稳定性。当将纳米线添加到PVDF基质中时，捕获感应的摩擦电荷的能力会增加。PVDF-AgNW复合纳米纤维的增强的表面电荷电势和电荷捕获能力极大地提高了TENG的输出性能。最后，通过在PVDF的熔化温度附近进行热焊接，可在保持TENG性能的同时显着提高电纺纳米纤维的机械稳定性。