Isosorbide is a diol derived from sorbitol and obtained through dehydration reactions that has raised much interest in the literature over the past few decades. Thus, this platform chemical is a biobased alternative to a number of petrosourced molecules that can find applications in a large number of technical specialty fields, such as plasticizers, monomers, solvents or pharmaceuticals. The synthesis of isosorbide is still a technical challenge, as several competitive reactions must be simultaneously handled to promote a high molar yield and avoid side reactions, like degradation and polymerization. In this purpose, many studies have proposed innovative and varied methods with promising results. This review gives an overview of the synthesis strategies and catalysts developed to access this very attractive molecule, pointing out both the results obtained and the remaining issues connected to isosorbide synthesis.

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异山梨醇的合成：具有挑战性的反应概述

异山梨醇是一种由山梨糖醇衍生而来的二醇，它是通过脱水反应获得的，在过去的几十年中，该文献引起了人们的极大兴趣。因此，该平台化学品是许多石油资源分子的生物替代品，这些石油资源分子可在许多技术专业领域中找到应用，例如增塑剂，单体，溶剂或药物。异山梨醇的合成仍然是一项技术挑战，因为必须同时处理几个竞争性反应，以提高摩尔产率，避免副反应，如降解和聚合反应。为了这个目的，许多研究提出了创新和多样的方法，并取得了可喜的结果。这篇综述概述了为获得这种极具吸引力的分子而开发的合成策略和催化剂，