Two-dimensional boron: structures, properties and applications,Chemical Society Reviews

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Two-dimensional boron: structures, properties and applications
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-31 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00261k
Zhuhua Zhang _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Evgeni S. Penev _{5,

6,

7,

8} , Boris I. Yakobson _{5,

6,

7,

8,

9}

Affiliation

Situated between metals and non-metals in the periodic table, boron is one of the most chemically versatile elements, forming at least sixteen bulk polymorphs composed of interlinked boron polyhedra. In low-dimensionality, boron chemistry remains or becomes even more intriguing since boron clusters with several to tens of atoms favor planar or cage-like structures, which are similar to their carbon counterparts in terms of conformation and electronic structure. The similarity between boron and carbon has raised a question of whether there exists stable two-dimensional (2D) boron, as a conceptual precursor, from which other boron nanostructures may be built. Here, we review the current theoretical and experimental progress in realizing boron atomic layers. Starting by describing a decade-long effort towards understanding the size-dependent structures of boron clusters, we present how theory plays a role in extrapolating boron clusters into 2D form, from a freestanding state to that on substrates, as well as in exploring practical routes for their synthesis that recently culminated in experimental realization. While 2D boron has been revealed to have unusual mechanical, electronic and chemical properties, materializing its potential in practical applications remains largely impeded by lack of routes towards transfer from substrates and controlled synthesis of quality samples.

中文翻译：

二维硼：结构，性质和应用

硼位于元素周期表中的金属和非金属之间，是化学上用途最广泛的元素之一，形成至少十六个由相互连接的硼多面体组成的块状多晶型物。在低维情况下，硼化学保留或变得更加引人入胜，因为具有数个至数十个原子的硼簇倾向于平面或笼状结构，就构象和电子结构而言，它们类似于碳对应物。硼和碳之间的相似性提出了一个问题，即是否存在稳定的二维（2D）硼作为概念上的前体，可以从中构建其他硼纳米结构。在这里，我们回顾实现硼原子层的当前理论和实验进展。从描述长达十年的努力以了解硼团簇的尺寸依赖性结构开始，我们介绍了理论如何在将硼团簇推导为2D形式（从独立状态到基底上的状态）以及探索实际路线中的作用因为它们的合成最近在实验实现中达到顶峰。尽管二维硼已被证明具有非凡的机械，电子和化学性能，但由于缺乏从基质转移和控制高质量样品合成的途径，在现实应用中发挥其潜力仍然受到很大的阻碍。以及探索合成它们的实用途径，这些途径最近在实验实现中达到顶峰。尽管二维硼已被证明具有非凡的机械，电子和化学性能，但由于缺乏从基质转移和控制高质量样品合成的途径，在现实应用中发挥其潜力仍然受到很大的阻碍。以及探索合成它们的实用途径，这些途径最近在实验实现中达到顶峰。尽管二维硼已被证明具有非凡的机械，电子和化学性能，但由于缺乏从基质转移和控制高质量样品合成的途径，在现实应用中发挥其潜力仍然受到很大的阻碍。

更新日期：2017-11-13

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