Inkjet printing technology has emerged as an alternative manufacturing method for low-cost production of electrodes. Despite significant progress, there is still a lack in the production of ion-selective electrodes. Herein, the two-step fabrication of the first inkjet-printed sulfide-selective electrode (IPSSE) is described. The two-step fabrication consists of printing a silver electrode followed by an electrochemical deposition of sulfide to produce a second kind electrode (Ag/Ag₂S). The performance of this novel device was tested using potentiometric measurements. Nernstian response (−29.4 ± 0.3 mV·decade^–1) was obtained within concentrations of 0.03–50 mM with a response time of ∼3 s. Furthermore, river/sea-spiked environmental samples and samples from a bioreactor for sulfate reduction to sulfide were measured and compared against a commercial sensor giving no significant differences. The IPSSE described in this work showed good reproducibility and durability during daily measurements over 15 days without any special storage conditions. Considering all the current challenges in inkjet-printed ion-selective electrodes, this different fabrication approach opens a new perspective for mass production of all-solid state ion-selective electrodes.

中文翻译：

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喷墨印刷的硫化物选择电极

喷墨印刷技术已经成为低成本生产电极的替代制造方法。尽管取得了重大进展，但是离子选择电极的生产仍然缺乏。在此，描述第一喷墨印刷的硫化物选择电极（IPSSE）的两步制造。分两步制造包括印刷银电极，然后进行硫化物的电化学沉积，以生产第二种电极（Ag / Ag ₂ S）。使用电位测量法测试了该新型设备的性能。Nernstian响应（−29.4±0.3 mV·decade ^–1）在0.03–50 mM的浓度范围内获得，响应时间约为3 s。此外，测量了河流/海峰环境样品以及来自生物反应器的将硫酸盐还原为硫化物的样品，并将其与商用传感器进行了比较，没有明显差异。在这项工作中描述的IPSSE在15天的日常测量中显示出良好的可重复性和耐用性，并且没有任何特殊的存储条件。考虑到喷墨印刷离子选择电极当前面临的所有挑战，这种不同的制造方法为全固态离子选择电极的批量生产开辟了新的前景。