Most people in developed countries are exposed to multiple endocrine-disrupting synthetic chemicals. We previously showed that a single dose of triclosan, tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), butyl paraben, propyl paraben, or di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate elevated concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) in mice. Here we investigated whether concurrent exposure to lower doses of these five chemicals could modulate concentrations of bisphenol A (BPA) or the natural estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2). CF1 mice were injected subcutaneously with 0.1 or 0.5 mg of one chemical, or a 0.5 mg mixture containing 0.1 mg of each of all five chemicals, then given dietary 50 μg kg^{-1 14}C-BPA. The mixture elevated ¹⁴C-BPA concentrations in the lungs, muscle, uterus, ovaries, kidney, and blood serum of female mice. When administered alone, triclosan and TBBPA elevated ¹⁴C-BPA concentrations in the uterus, ovaries, and blood serum. In another experiment, CF1 mice were injected subcutaneously with the 0.5 mg mixture containing 0.1 mg of all five chemicals, then E2 was measured in urine 2–12 h later. The mixture elevated E2 at 8 h after injection in female mice. No treatments significantly altered concentrations of ¹⁴C-BPA or E2 in male mice. These data show that these endocrine-disrupting chemicals interact in vivo, magnifying one another’s effects, consistent with inhibition of enzymes that are critical for estrogen metabolism. These findings highlight the importance of considering exposure to multiple chemicals when assessing health outcomes and determining regulatory exposure limits.

发达国家的大多数人都暴露于多种破坏内分泌的合成化学物质。我们以前显示单剂量的三氯生，四溴双酚A（TBBPA），对羟基苯甲酸丁酯，对羟基苯甲酸丙酯或邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯会增加小鼠双酚A（BPA）的浓度。在这里，我们调查了同时暴露于较低剂量的这五种化学物质是否可以调节双酚A（BPA）或天然雌激素17β-雌二醇（E2）的浓度。给CF1小鼠皮下注射0.1或0.5 mg的一种化学药品，或0.5 mg的混合物，其中包含所有五种化学药品中的每一种的0.1 mg，然后给予饮食50μgkg ^{-1 14} C-BPA。混合物升高¹⁴雌性小鼠的肺，肌肉，子宫，卵巢，肾脏和血清中的C-BPA浓度。当单独服用时，三氯生和TBBPA会增加子宫，卵巢和血清中¹⁴ C-BPA的浓度。在另一项实验中，向CF1小鼠皮下注射0.5 mg的混合物，其中含有0.1 mg的所有五种化学物质，然后在2至12小时后测量尿液中的E2。雌性小鼠注射后8小时，混合物的E2升高。没有治疗可以显着改变雄性小鼠中¹⁴ C-BPA或E2的浓度。这些数据表明，这些破坏内分泌的化学物质在体内相互作用，彼此放大作用，与抑制对雌激素代谢至关重要的酶一致。这些发现凸显了在评估健康结果和确定监管暴露限值时考虑接触多种化学品的重要性。