Abstract When ceramic features decrease to much smaller sizes, such as in the micron range, the dominating sintering mechanism(s) can be different from those of the bulk at large scales. In this work, the sintering behaviors of ZnO rod features of ∼4 μm diameter are studied. The rods and the bulk of the ZnO ceramics have different behaviors in shrinkage, grain growth, and densification. Sintering mechanisms are mainly grain boundary diffusion controlled densification and pore gas diffusion controlled grain growth, but with the major difference associated with a factor Ng/Nb (Ng, average pore number per grain; Nb, average pore number per grain boundary) based on the theoretical modeling and Voronoi diagram simulation. The smaller Ng/Nb for the micron-sized features leads to enhanced grain growth, and the higher exposed surface area leads to larger shrinkage; both can be explained using nominal Dgs/Dgb. Nanoparticle agglomeration can potentially affect grain growth in the rods during sintering and should be further studied.

中文翻译：

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微米级陶瓷棒的烧结行为特征

摘要 当陶瓷特征减小到更小的尺寸时，例如在微米范围内，占主导地位的烧结机制可能与大规模的大块烧结机制不同。在这项工作中，研究了直径约 4 μm 的 ZnO 棒特征的烧结行为。ZnO 陶瓷的棒和块体在收缩、晶粒生长和致密化方面具有不同的行为。烧结机制主要是晶界扩散控制的致密化和孔隙气体扩散控制的晶粒生长，但主要差异与 Ng/Nb（Ng，每个晶粒的平均孔数；Nb，每个晶界的平均孔数）相关，基于理论建模和 Voronoi 图模拟。微米尺寸特征的较小 Ng/Nb 导致晶粒生长增强，较高的暴露表面积导致较大的收缩；两者都可以使用名义 Dgs/Dgb 来解释。纳米颗粒团聚可能会影响烧结过程中棒中的晶粒生长，应进一步研究。