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Network science of biological systems at different scales: A review
Physics of Life Reviews ( IF 13.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2017.11.003
Marko Gosak , Rene Markovič , Jurij Dolenšek , Marjan Slak Rupnik , Marko Marhl , Andraž Stožer , Matjaž Perc

Network science is today established as a backbone for description of structure and function of various physical, chemical, biological, technological, and social systems. Here we review recent advances in the study of complex biological systems that were inspired and enabled by methods of network science. First, we present research highlights ranging from determination of the molecular interaction network within a cell to studies of architectural and functional properties of brain networks and biological transportation networks. Second, we focus on synergies between network science and data analysis, which enable us to determine functional connectivity patterns in multicellular systems. Until now, this intermediate scale of biological organization received the least attention from the network perspective. As an example, we review the methodology for the extraction of functional beta cell networks in pancreatic islets of Langerhans by means of advanced imaging techniques. Third, we concentrate on the emerging field of multilayer networks and review the first endeavors and novel perspectives offered by this framework in exploring biological complexity. We conclude by outlining challenges and directions for future research that encompass utilization of the multilayer network formalism in exploring intercellular communication patterns in tissues, and we advocate for network science being one of the key pillars for assessing physiological function of complex biological systems—from organelles to organs—in health and disease.



中文翻译:

不同规模的生物系统网络科学:综述

今天,网络科学已确立为描述各种物理,化学,生物,技术和社会系统的结构和功能的基础。在这里,我们回顾了受网络科学方法启发和支持的复杂生物系统研究的最新进展。首先,我们提出研究重点,从确定细胞内的分子相互作用网络到研究大脑网络和生物运输网络的结构和功能特性。其次,我们专注于网络科学与数据分析之间的协同作用,这使我们能够确定多细胞系统中的功能连通性模式。到目前为止,从网络的角度来看,这种中等规模的生物组织受到的关注最少。举个例子,我们通过先进的成像技术回顾了朗格汉斯胰岛中功能性β细胞网络的提取方法。第三,我们专注于多层网络的新兴领域,并回顾了该框架在探索生物复杂性方面的首次尝试和新颖观点。最后,我们概述了未来研究的挑战和方向,其中包括利用多层网络形式主义探索组织中的细胞间通讯模式,并主张网络科学是评估复杂生物系统(从细胞器到器官)的生理功能的关键支柱之一。器官—健康和疾病。我们专注于新兴的多层网络领域,并回顾了该框架在探索生物复杂性方面的首次尝试和新颖观点。最后,我们概述了未来研究的挑战和方向,其中包括利用多层网络形式主义探索组织中的细胞间通讯模式,并主张网络科学是评估复杂生物系统(从细胞器到器官)的生理功能的关键支柱之一。器官—健康和疾病。我们专注于新兴的多层网络领域,并回顾了该框架在探索生物复杂性方面的首次尝试和新颖观点。最后,我们概述了未来研究的挑战和方向,其中包括利用多层网络形式主义探索组织中的细胞间通讯模式,并主张网络科学是评估复杂生物系统(从细胞器到器官)的生理功能的关键支柱之一。器官—健康和疾病。

更新日期:2017-11-03
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