Transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins TRPM6 and TRPM7 are α-kinase-coupled divalent cation-selective channels activated upon a reduction of cytosolic levels of Mg²⁺ and Mg·ATP. Emerging evidence indicate that one of the main physiological functions of TRPM6 and TRPM7 is maintaining of cellular metabolism of Mg²⁺ and likely other essential metals such as Ca²⁺ and Zn²⁺. Recent experiments with genetic animal models have shown that TRPM6 and TRPM7 are essential for epithelial Mg²⁺ transport in the placenta and intestine. In addition, mutations in TRPM6 or TRPM7 have been linked to Mg²⁺ deficiency in humans. However, many key functional aspects of these remarkable proteins as well as mechanisms of the associated channelopathies remain incompletely understood. The present review article highlights the recent significant progress in the field with the focus on the vital roles of TRPM7 and TRPM7 in mineral homeostasis.

瞬时受体电位（TRP）蛋白TRPM6和TRPM7是α-激酶偶联的二价阳离子选择性通道，在Mg ²⁺和Mg·ATP的胞浆水平降低时被激活。新兴证据表明，TRPM6和TRPM7的主要生理功能之一是维持Mg ²⁺以及可能的其他必需金属（如Ca ²⁺和Zn ^2+）的细胞代谢。遗传动物模型的最新实验表明，TRPM6和TRPM7对于胎盘和肠中Mg ^2+的上皮运输至关重要。此外，TRPM6或TRPM7中的突变与Mg ^2+相关人类的缺乏。但是，这些非凡的蛋白质的许多关键功能方面以及相关的通道病的机制仍未完全了解。本文将重点介绍TRPM7和TRPM7在矿物质体内平衡中的重要作用，重点介绍该领域的最新进展。