Current medical practice artificially dichotomises a diagnosis of fatty liver disease into one of two common forms: alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Together, these account for the majority of chronic liver diseases worldwide. In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome within the general population. These factors now coexist with alcohol consumption in a substantial proportion of the population. Each exposure sensitises the liver to the injurious effects of the other; an interaction that drives and potentially accelerates the genesis of liver disease. We review the epidemiological evidence and scientific literature that considers how alcohol consumption interacts with components of the metabolic syndrome to exert synergistic or supra-additive effects on the development and progression of liver disease, before discussing how these interactions may be addressed in clinical practice.

中文翻译：

---

饮酒和代谢综合征的双向影响：进行性脂肪肝的辅助因素

当前的医疗实践人为地将脂肪肝的诊断分为两种常见形式之一：酒精性肝病 (ALD) 和非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD)。总之，这些占全球慢性肝病的大部分。近年来，普通人群中肥胖症和代谢综合征的患病率急剧增加。这些因素现在与相当一部分人口的饮酒量并存。每次接触都会使肝脏对另一种的有害影响敏感；这种相互作用驱动并可能加速肝病的发生。