We demonstrate that crystalline macroporous GeO₂ inverse opals exhibit state-of-the-art capacity retention, voltage stability and a very long cycle life when tested as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. The specific capacities and capacity retention obtained from GeO₂ IOs are greater than values reported for other GeO₂ nanostructures and comparable to pure Ge nanostructures. Unlike pure Ge nanostructures, GeO₂ IOs can be prepared in air without complex processing procedures, potentially making them far more attractive from an industrial point of view, in terms of cost and ease of production. Inverse opals are structurally and electrically interconnected, and remove the need for additives and binders. GeO₂ IOs show gradual capacity fading over 250 and 1000 cycles, when cycled at specific currents of 150 and 300 mA/g, respectively, while maintaining high capacities and a stable overall cell voltage. The specific capacities after the 500th and 1000th cycles at a specific current of 300 mA/g were ~ 632 and 521 mA h/g respectively, corresponding to a capacity retention in each case of ~ 76% and 63% from the 2nd cycle. Systematic analysis of differential capacity plots obtained from galvanostatic voltage profiles over 1000 cycles offers a detailed insight into the mechanism of charge storage in GeO₂ anodes over their long cycle life. Rate capability testing and asymmetric galvanostatic testing demonstrate the ability of GeO₂ IO samples to deliver significantly high capacities even at high specific currents (1 A/g).

我们证明，作为锂离子电池的负极材料进行测试时，结晶大孔GeO ₂反蛋白石显示出最先进的容量保持能力，电压稳定性和非常长的循环寿命。从GeO ₂ IO获得的比容量和容量保持率大于报道的其他GeO ₂纳米结构的值，并且可与纯Ge纳米结构相比。与纯Ge纳米结构不同，GeO ₂ IOs可以在空气中制备，而无需复杂的处理程序，从成本和易于生产的角度来看，从工业角度看，它们可能更具吸引力。反蛋白石在结构上和电气上相互连接，从而消除了对添加剂和粘合剂的需求。的GeO ₂当分别以150和300 mA / g的特定电流循环时，IO在超过250和1000个循环中显示出逐渐减小的容量，同时保持高容量和稳定的整体电池电压。在300 mA / g的特定电流下，第500次和1000次循环后的比容量分别为〜632和521 mA h / g，分别对应于从第二次循环开始的〜76％和63％的容量保持率。从恒电流电压曲线在1000个周期内获得的差分容量图的系统分析，可深入了解GeO ₂阳极在其长寿命内的电荷存储机理。速率能力测试和不对称恒电流测试证明了GeO ₂的能力 IO采样即使在高比电流（1 A / g）时也能提供显着的高容量。