In this study, a microdialysis (MD) technique was combined with high-performance liquid chromatography/inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) for continuous monitoring of the dynamic variations of arsenic species in a microbe-inoculated culture broth. After optimizing the analytical system, retrodialysis was applied to assess the probe recovery and analytical performance of the proposed method. The mean probe recoveries of four arsenic species were in the range from 57.0 to 81.8%. The limit of detection (LOD) for arsenic was in the range of 0.6–1.8 ng mL⁻¹ and 0.032 μM for MDA, respectively. The accuracy was assessed by an addition/recovery test with a satisfactory value of 98.07–109.08% for arsenic species and 93.57–108.15% for MDA, respectively. To evaluate the practical applicability of this method, we monitored, continuously for 72 h, the dynamic variations of the concentrations of the four arsenic species in a standardized bacterial sample (ATCC 25922). After adding the arsenic species into the bacteria-inoculated broth, we found that the concentration of As³⁺ decreased over time, whereas As⁵⁺ increased in concentration. In addition, malondialdehyde (MDA) was also monitored to evaluate the effect of oxidative damage of the arsenic species on the studied microbial system. Our analyses revealed that the dynamic variations of the arsenic species and MDA could be observed continuously during the microbial growth period. This economical and eco-friendly method might also be helpful for monitoring the transformations of other metal species, oxidation processes, and the bioremediation ability of microbial systems.

中文翻译：

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基于微透析的微生物活动下动态监测砷转化的分析系统

在这项研究中，微透析（MD）技术与高效液相色谱/电感耦合等离子体质谱（HPLC-ICP-MS）相结合，可连续监测微生物接种培养液中砷的动态变化。优化分析系统后，应用反渗析法评估所提出方法的探针回收率和分析性能。四种砷的平均探针回收率在57.0至81.8％之间。砷的检出限（LOD）在0.6–1.8 ng mL ^-1的范围内MDA分别为0.032μM和0.032μM。通过添加/回收测试评估了准确性，砷种类的满意值分别为98.07-109.08％，MDA的满意值分别为93.57-108.15％。为了评估该方法的实际适用性，我们连续监测了72小时，以监测标准细菌样品（ATCC 25922）中四种砷的浓度动态变化。将砷物质添加到细菌接种的肉汤中后，我们发现As ^3+的浓度随时间降低，而As ⁵⁺浓度增加。此外，还对丙二醛（MDA）进行了监测，以评估砷物种的氧化损伤对所研究的微生物系统的影响。我们的分析表明，在微生物生长期间可以连续观察到砷和MDA的动态变化。这种经济环保的方法也可能有助于监测其他金属物种的转化，氧化过程以及微生物系统的生物修复能力。