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Pyrolysis temperature during biochar production alters its subsequent utilization by microorganisms in an acid arable soil
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2017-12-04 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.2846
Yu Luo 1 , Jennifer A. J. Dungait 2 , Xiaorong Zhao 3 , Philip C. Brookes 1, 4 , Mark Durenkamp 4 , Guitong Li 3 , Qimei Lin 3
Affiliation  

Abstract Biochar amendment of agricultural soils can have a significant impact on microbial carbon (C) metabolism by providing C substrates and altering soil properties, including amelioration of soil acidity. It remains unclear whether available C of biochar or its pH effects determines the utilization of biochar by microorganisms. Compound-specific stable 13C isotope analysis of phospholipid fatty acids (13C-phospholipid fatty acid analysis) was used to explore which microbial group utilized biochar distinguished with pHs and C availability. C4 Miscanthus biochar (δ13C = −12.2‰) was prepared at 2 pyrolysis temperatures (350 °C and 700 °C) and applied (50 mg C g−1 soil) to a very acid soil (pH 3.7, δ13C = −27.7‰), which was sampled from the long term Hoosfield Acid Strip experiment at Rothamsted Research, and incubated for 14 months. Biochar700 increased soil pH to 5.1 and biochar350 increased soil pH to 4.3. All microbial groups (Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, actinobacteria, and fungi) were more abundant in the biochar-treated soils. The 13C values of biomarker phospholipid fatty acid analysis suggested that all groups of microorganisms, and especially Gram-positive bacteria, were using the C from the biochar350, but not the biochar700, as a substrate. We conclude that its utilization of biochar by microorganisms after 14 months was largely determined by the pyrolysis temperature controlling the availability of biochar C, instead of the pH effects, in a very acidic soil.

中文翻译:

生物炭生产过程中的热解温度会改变其随后在酸性耕地土壤中被微生物利用

摘要 农业土壤的生物炭改良剂可通过提供 C 底物和改变土壤特性(包括改善土壤酸度)对微生物碳 (C) 代谢产生重大影响。目前尚不清楚生物炭的可用 C 或其 pH 值影响是否决定了微生物对生物炭的利用。使用磷脂脂肪酸的化合物特异性稳定 13C 同位素分析(13C-磷脂脂肪酸分析)来探索哪个微生物组利用了以 pH 值和 C 可用性为特征的生物炭。C4 芒草生物炭 (δ13C = -12.2‰) 在 2 个热解温度 (350 °C 和 700 °C) 下制备并施用于 (50 mg C g−1 土壤) 到非常酸性的土壤 (pH 3.7, δ13C = -27.7‰) ),这是从 Rothamsted Research 的长期 Hoosfield Acid Strip 实验中采样的,并培养了 14 个月。Biochar700 将土壤 pH 值提高到 5.1,biochar350 将土壤 pH 值提高到 4.3。所有微生物群(革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、放线菌和真菌)在生物炭处理的土壤中都更丰富。生物标志物磷脂脂肪酸分析的 13C 值表明所有微生物组,尤其是革兰氏阳性菌,都使用来自 biochar350 的 C 作为底物,而不是 biochar700。我们得出的结论是,微生物在 14 个月后对生物炭的利用很大程度上取决于控制生物炭 C 可用性的热解温度,而不是在非常酸性的土壤中的 pH 值影响。和真菌)在生物炭处理的土壤中更丰富。生物标志物磷脂脂肪酸分析的 13C 值表明所有微生物组,尤其是革兰氏阳性菌,都使用来自 biochar350 的 C 作为底物,而不是 biochar700。我们得出的结论是,微生物在 14 个月后对生物炭的利用很大程度上取决于控制生物炭 C 可用性的热解温度,而不是在非常酸性的土壤中的 pH 值影响。和真菌)在生物炭处理的土壤中更丰富。生物标志物磷脂脂肪酸分析的 13C 值表明所有微生物组,尤其是革兰氏阳性菌,都使用来自 biochar350 的 C 作为底物,而不是 biochar700。我们得出的结论是,微生物在 14 个月后对生物炭的利用很大程度上取决于控制生物炭 C 可用性的热解温度,而不是在非常酸性的土壤中的 pH 值影响。
更新日期:2017-12-04
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