Northern Hemisphere alpine glaciers have been identified as a point of concentration and reemergence of legacy organochlorine pollutants (OCPs). In this review, we compile a selection of published literature combining long-range, global atmospheric transport and distribution-based compartmental environmental flux models, as well as data from glacial meltwater, ice core, crevasse and proglacial lake sediment studies. Regional studies of ice and meltwater in alpine glaciers of the northern latitudes show similarities in sample deposition profiles and concentration due to chemical atmospheric residence time, precipitation type and glacier flow rates. In glaciated locations near areas of extensive OCPs use, such as the Swiss and Italian Alps, glacier sample concentrations are higher, while in areas more distant from use, including Arctic nations, OCPs concentrations in glaciers are significantly lower. Our review identifies alpine glaciers co-located with regions characterized by OCPs use as a significant organochlorine pollutant distribution source, secondary in timing and location to direct deposition, with subsequent bioaccumulation and potential human risk impacts.

中文翻译：

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冰河流域中的旧有机氯污染物：回顾†

北半球的高山冰川已被确定为遗留有机氯污染物（OCP）的集中和重新出现的地点。在这篇综述中，我们汇编了一系列公开的文献，这些文献结合了长期的全球大气迁移和基于分布的分区环境通量模型，以及来自冰川融水，冰芯，裂隙和冰川湖沉积物研究的数据。北部纬度高山冰川中冰和融水的区域研究表明，由于化学大气停留时间，降水类型和冰川流速，样品的沉积剖面和浓度具有相似性。在广泛使用OCP的地区附近的冰川地区（例如瑞士和意大利的阿尔卑斯山），冰川样品的浓度较高，而在远离使用的地区（包括北极国家），冰川中的OCPs浓度要低得多。我们的评估确定了与以OCPs为主要有机氯污染物分布源的地区共处的高山冰川，在时间和位置上次于直接沉积，次生生物蓄积和潜在的人类风险影响。