Together, malaria and the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) kill more than 800,000 people annually, while creating long-term disability in millions more. International support for mass drug administration, bed nets, and other preventive measures has resulted in huge public health gains, while support for translational research is leading to the development of some new neglected disease drugs, diagnostics, and vaccines. However, funding for basic science research has not kept up, such that we are missing opportunities to create a more innovative pipeline of control tools for parasitic and related diseases. There is an urgent need to expand basic science approaches for neglected diseases, especially in the areas of systems biology and immunology; ecology, evolution, and mathematical biology; functional and comparative OMICs; gene editing; expanded use of model organisms; and a new single-cell combinatorial indexing RNA sequencing approach. The world’s poor deserve access to innovation for neglected diseases. It should be considered a fundamental human right.

疟疾和被忽视的热带病（NTD）一起每年导致超过80万人丧生，同时又造成数百万人的长期残疾。国际上对大规模药物管理，蚊帐和其他预防措施的支持带来了巨大的公共卫生收益，而对转化研究的支持则导致了一些新的被忽视的疾病药物，诊断剂和疫苗的开发。但是，基础科学研究的资金没有跟上，因此我们缺少为寄生虫和相关疾病创建更具创新性的控制工具管道的机会。迫切需要扩大被忽视疾病的基础科学方法，特别是在系统生物学和免疫学领域；生态，进化和数学生物学；功能性和比较性的OMIC；基因编辑；扩大使用示范生物；以及一种新的单细胞组合索引RNA测序方法。世界穷人应该获得被忽视疾病的创新机会。它应被视为一项基本人权。