The process of creation of a new layer of ice on the basal plane and on the prism plane of a hexagonal ice crystal is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the ordering of water molecules in the already existing crystal affects the freezing. On the basal plane, when the orientations of water molecules in the ice block are random, the arrangement of the new layer in a cubic manner is observed more frequently—approximately 1.7 times more often than in a hexagonal manner. When the water molecules in the ice block are more ordered, it results in the predominance of the oxygen atoms or the hydrogen atoms on the most outer part of the surface of the ice block. In this case, the hexagonal structure is formed more frequently when the supercooling of water exceeds 10 K. This phenomenon is explained by the influence of the oriented electric field, present as a consequence of the ordering of the dipoles of water molecules in the ice block. This field modifies the structure of solvation water (i.e., the layer of water in the immediate vicinity of the ice surface). We showed that the structure of solvation water predetermines the kind of the newly created layer of ice. This effect is temperature-dependent: when the temperature draws nearer to the melting point, the cubic structure becomes the prevailing form. The temperature at which the cubic and the hexagonal structures are formed with the same probabilities is equal to about 260 K. In the case of the prism plane, the new layer that is formed is always the hexagonal one, which is independent of the arrangement of water molecules in the ice block and is in agreement with previous literature data. For the basal plane, as well as for the prism plane, no evident dependence on the ordering of water molecules that constitute the ice block on the rate of crystallization can be observed.

中文翻译：

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六角形冰晶表面上新冰层的积聚和局部电场对该过程的影响

在基面和棱镜上形成新冰层的过程分析六角形冰晶的平面。已经证明，已经存在的晶体中水分子的有序性会影响冻结。在基面上，当冰块中水分子的方向是随机的时，以三次方的方式更频繁地观察到新层的排列，大约是六角形方式的1.7倍。当冰块中的水分子更有序时，会导致冰块表面最外部的氧原子或氢原子占主导地位。在这种情况下，当水的过冷度超过10 K时，六角形结构会更频繁地形成。这种现象可以通过定向电场的影响来解释，定向电场的影响是由于冰块中水分子的偶极子有序排列而产生的。 。该场改变了溶剂化水的结构（即紧邻冰面的水层）。我们证明了溶剂化水的结构预先确定了新创建的冰层的类型。这种影响取决于温度：当温度接近熔点时，立方结构成为主要形式。以相同的概率形成立方结构和六边形结构的温度大约等于260K。立方结构成为主要形式。以相同的概率形成立方结构和六边形结构的温度大约等于260K。立方结构成为主要形式。以相同的概率形成立方结构和六边形结构的温度大约等于260K。在棱镜平面上，形成的新层始终是六角形，与冰块中水分子的排列无关，并且与先前的文献数据一致。对于基础平面以及对于棱镜平面，没有观察到明显依赖于构成冰块的水分子的顺序对结晶速率的依赖性。