Task-specific dystonia is a movement disorder characterized by a painless loss of dexterity specific to a particular motor skill. This disorder is prevalent among writers, musicians, dancers and athletes. No current treatment is predictably effective, and the disorder generally ends the careers of affected individuals. Traditional disease models of dystonia have a number of limitations with regard to task-specific dystonia. We therefore discuss emerging evidence that the disorder has its origins within normal compensatory mechanisms of a healthy motor system in which the representation and reproduction of motor skill are disrupted. We describe how risk factors for task-specific dystonia can be stratified and translated into mechanisms of dysfunctional motor control. The proposed model aims to define new directions for experimental research and stimulate therapeutic advances for this highly disabling disorder.

中文翻译：

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针对特定任务肌张力障碍的统一运动控制框架

任务特异性肌张力障碍是一种运动障碍，其特征是无痛地丧失特定运动技能的灵活性。这种疾病在作家、音乐家、舞蹈家和运动员中普遍存在。目前没有任何治疗方法可以预见地有效，而且这种疾病通常会结束受影响个体的职业生涯。肌张力障碍的传统疾病模型在任务特异性肌张力障碍方面存在许多局限性。因此，我们讨论新出现的证据，表明这种疾病起源于健康运动系统的正常补偿机制，其中运动技能的表征和再现受到干扰。我们描述了如何对任务特异性肌张力障碍的危险因素进行分层并转化为运动控制功能障碍的机制。所提出的模型旨在确定实验研究的新方向，并促进这种高度致残疾病的治疗进展。