Carbon‐neutral hydrogen has potential to alleviate the energy crisis and ease environmental problems. Water electrolysis is a sustainable way for large‐scale hydrogen production when electricity is generated from renewable energy resources. The key challenge in water splitting is the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Thus, it is important and necessary to develop highly efficient electrocatalysts in a cost‐effective way for OER. Porous materials have proven to be versatile in catalysis due to their large surface area, the fast mass diffusion, and the buffer ability of volume change. Herein, we summarize the recent progress of representative methodologies for the synthesis of porous materials toward electrocatalytic OER. The materials discussed in this Review include the cheap transition‐metal‐based (Co, Ni, and Fe) and metal‐free porous materials. This Review sheds light on the different strategies to construct catalysts with porous structures to facilitate OER.

中文翻译：

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多孔材料作为产氧反应的高效电催化剂

碳中和的氢有减轻能源危机和缓解环境问题的潜力。当可再生能源产生电能时，水电解是大规模制氢的可持续方式。水分解中的关键挑战是氧释放反应（OER）的动力学缓慢。因此，以经济有效的方式开发OER的高效电催化剂是重要且必要的。多孔材料由于其较大的表面积，快速的质量扩散和体积变化的缓冲能力，已被证明具有多种催化作用。在本文中，我们总结了代表性的方法学的最新进展，该方法是多孔材料向电催化OER合成的新方法。本评论中讨论的材料包括廉价的过渡金属基（钴，镍，和铁）和无金属的多孔材料。本综述阐明了构建具有多孔结构以促进OER的催化剂的不同策略。