Correlated In Situ Low‐Frequency Noise and Impedance Spectroscopy Reveal Recombination Dynamics in Organic Solar Cells Using Fullerene and Non‐Fullerene Acceptors,Advanced Functional Materials

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Correlated In Situ Low‐Frequency Noise and Impedance Spectroscopy Reveal Recombination Dynamics in Organic Solar Cells Using Fullerene and Non‐Fullerene Acceptors
Advanced Functional Materials ( IF 18.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-11-02 , DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201703805
Kyle A. Luck ₁ , Vinod K. Sangwan ₁ , Patrick E. Hartnett ₂ , Heather N. Arnold ₁ , Michael R. Wasielewski ₂ , Tobin J. Marks _{1,

2} , Mark C. Hersam _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Non‐fullerene acceptors based on perylenediimides (PDIs) have garnered significant interest as an alternative to fullerene acceptors in organic photovoltaics (OPVs), but their charge transport phenomena are not well understood, especially in bulk heterojunctions (BHJs). Here, charge transport and current fluctuations are investigated by performing correlated low‐frequency noise and impedance spectroscopy measurements on two BHJ OPV systems, one employing a fullerene acceptor and the other employing a dimeric PDI acceptor. In the dark, these measurements reveal that PDI‐based OPVs have a greater degree of recombination in comparison to fullerene‐based OPVs. Furthermore, for the first time in organic solar cells, 1/f noise data are fit to the Kleinpenning model to reveal underlying current fluctuations in different transport regimes. Under illumination, 1/f noise increases by approximately four orders of magnitude for the fullerene‐based OPVs and three orders of magnitude for the PDI‐based OPVs. An inverse correlation is also observed between noise spectral density and power conversion efficiency. Overall, these results show that low‐frequency noise spectroscopy is an effective in situ diagnostic tool to assess charge transport in emerging photovoltaic materials, thereby providing quantitative guidance for the design of next‐generation solar cell materials and technologies.

中文翻译：

相关的原位低频噪声和阻抗谱揭示了使用富勒烯和非富勒烯受体的有机太阳能电池的复合动力学。

在有机光伏（OPV）中，基于per二酰亚胺（PDI）的非富勒烯受体已成为富勒烯受体的替代品，但它们的电荷传输现象尚未得到很好的理解，尤其是在体异质结（BHJ）中。在这里，通过对两个BHJ OPV系统执行相关的低频噪声和阻抗谱测量，研究电荷传输和电流波动，一个使用富勒烯受体，另一个使用二聚PDI受体。在黑暗中，这些测量结果表明，与基于富勒烯的OPV相比，基于PDI的OPV具有更高的重组度。此外，首次在有机太阳能电池中，1 / f噪声数据适合于Kleinpenning模型，以揭示不同运输方式下潜在的电流波动。在照明下，基于富勒烯的OPV的1 / f噪声大约增加四个数量级，而基于PDI的OPV的噪声则增加三个数量级。在噪声频谱密度和功率转换效率之间也观察到反相关。总体而言，这些结果表明，低频噪声光谱学是评估新兴光伏材料中电荷传输的有效原位诊断工具，从而为下一代太阳能电池材料和技术的设计提供了定量指导。

更新日期：2017-11-02

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