It is well established that cells sense chemical signals from their local microenvironment and transduce them to the nucleus to regulate gene expression programmes. Although a number of experiments have shown that mechanical cues can also modulate gene expression, the underlying mechanisms are far from clear. Nevertheless, we are now beginning to understand how mechanical cues are transduced to the nucleus and how they influence nuclear mechanics, genome organization and transcription. In particular, recent progress in super-resolution imaging, in genome-wide application of RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation and chromosome conformation capture and in theoretical modelling of 3D genome organization enables the exploration of the relationship between cell mechanics, 3D chromatin configurations and transcription, thereby shedding new light on how mechanical forces regulate gene expression.

中文翻译：

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核机械转导调控基因组组织和基因表达

众所周知，细胞可从其局部微环境感知化学信号，并将其转导至细胞核以调节基因表达程序。尽管许多实验表明机械提示也可以调节基因表达，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。尽管如此，我们现在开始了解如何将机械信号转导至核，以及它们如何影响核力学，基因组组织和转录。特别是在超分辨率成像，RNA测序，染色质免疫沉淀和染色体构象捕获的全基因组范围应用以及3D基因组组织的理论建模方面的最新进展，使人们能够探索细胞力学，3D染色质构型与转录之间的关系，