Biochar is an important soil conditioner. However, we have limited understanding of biochar effects on the microbial community traits of the rhizosphere and bulk soil in the field. The aim of this study was to examine the impacts of biochar amendment on microbial abundance and community in the rhizosphere and bulk soils in soybean-growing fields. We applied 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing with an internal standard gene to quantitatively investigate biochar-mediated changes in microbial composition and abundance in rhizosphere and bulk soils. The results indicated that the absolute abundance of bacterial taxa with internal standard can be more informative in describing soil microbial population distribution. A linear discriminant analysis effect size differential analysis showed that the biochar amendment significantly altered the soil microbial abundance and community composition. The bacteria in the rhizosphere soil showed more clear responses to biochar addition than the bacteria in the bulk soil. These results highlight the enhanced effect by biochar on bacterial population distribution in the rhizosphere. 16S rRNA gene sequencing with internal standard gene represents an effective method that can substantially improve 16S-seq based microbiome studies by determining the 16S rRNA gene abundance and bacterial community composition simultaneously.

中文翻译：

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使用 16S rRNA 基因测序同时测量大豆田间土壤中响应生物炭的细菌丰度和组成

生物炭是一种重要的土壤调节剂。然而，我们对生物炭对田间根际和大块土壤微生物群落特征的影响了解有限。本研究的目的是检查生物炭改良剂对大豆种植田根际和大块土壤中微生物丰度和群落的影响。我们应用 16S 核糖体 RNA (rRNA) 基因测序和内标基因来定量研究生物炭介导的根际和大块土壤中微生物组成和丰度的变化。结果表明，具有内标的细菌类群的绝对丰度在描述土壤微生物种群分布时可以提供更多信息。线性判别分析效应大小差异分析表明，生物炭改良剂显着改变了土壤微生物丰度和群落组成。根际土壤中的细菌对添加生物炭的反应比散装土壤中的细菌更明显。这些结果突出了生物炭对根际细菌种群分布的增强作用。使用内标基因进行 16S rRNA 基因测序是一种有效的方法，可以通过同时确定 16S rRNA 基因丰度和细菌群落组成来显着改善基于 16S-seq 的微生物组研究。这些结果突出了生物炭对根际细菌种群分布的增强作用。使用内标基因进行 16S rRNA 基因测序是一种有效的方法，可以通过同时确定 16S rRNA 基因丰度和细菌群落组成来显着改善基于 16S-seq 的微生物组研究。这些结果突出了生物炭对根际细菌种群分布的增强作用。使用内标基因进行 16S rRNA 基因测序是一种有效的方法，可以通过同时确定 16S rRNA 基因丰度和细菌群落组成来显着改善基于 16S-seq 的微生物组研究。