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Nanoscale Bubble Domains and Topological Transitions in Ultrathin Ferroelectric Films
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-24 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702375 Qi Zhang 1 , Lin Xie 2, 3 , Guangqing Liu 1 , Sergei Prokhorenko 4, 5 , Yousra Nahas 5 , Xiaoqing Pan 3, 6 , Laurent Bellaiche 5 , Alexei Gruverman 7 , Nagarajan Valanoor 1
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-24 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.201702375 Qi Zhang 1 , Lin Xie 2, 3 , Guangqing Liu 1 , Sergei Prokhorenko 4, 5 , Yousra Nahas 5 , Xiaoqing Pan 3, 6 , Laurent Bellaiche 5 , Alexei Gruverman 7 , Nagarajan Valanoor 1
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Observation of a new type of nanoscale ferroelectric domains, termed as “bubble domains”—laterally confined spheroids of sub‐10 nm size with local dipoles self‐aligned in a direction opposite to the macroscopic polarization of a surrounding ferroelectric matrix—is reported. The bubble domains appear in ultrathin epitaxial PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3/SrTiO3/PbZr0.2Ti0.8O3 ferroelectric sandwich structures due to the interplay between charge and lattice degrees of freedom. The existence of the bubble domains is revealed by high‐resolution piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), and is corroborated by aberration‐corrected atomic‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy mapping of the polarization displacements. An incommensurate phase and symmetry breaking is found within these domains resulting in local polarization rotation and hence impart a mixed Néel–Bloch‐like character to the bubble domain walls. PFM hysteresis loops for the bubble domains reveal that they undergo an irreversible phase transition to cylindrical domains under the electric field, accompanied by a transient rise in the electromechanical response. The observations are in agreement with ab‐initio‐based calculations, which reveal a very narrow window of electrical and elastic parameters that allow the existence of bubble domains. The findings highlight the richness of polar topologies possible in ultrathin ferroelectric structures and bring forward the prospect of emergent functionalities due to topological transitions.
中文翻译：
超薄铁电薄膜中的纳米尺度气泡域和拓扑转变。
据报道，观察到一种新型的纳米级铁电畴，称为“气泡畴”，其尺寸小于10 nm，侧向限制的球状体，其局部偶极子在与周围铁电基质的宏观极化相反的方向上自对准。气泡域出现在超薄外延PbZr 0.2 Ti 0.8 O 3 / SrTiO 3 / PbZr 0.2 Ti 0.8 O 3中由于电荷和晶格自由度之间的相互作用，铁电夹层结构。高分辨率压电响应力显微镜（PFM）揭示了气泡域的存在，而偏振位移的像差校正原子分辨率扫描透射电子显微镜则证实了气泡域的存在。在这些畴中发现了不相称的相位和对称性破裂，导致局部极化旋转，因此赋予气泡畴壁以混合的Néel–Bloch样特征。气泡域的PFM磁滞回线表明，它们在电场作用下经历了不可逆的相变到圆柱域，并伴随着机电响应的瞬态上升。观察结果与从头开始的计算相符，这揭示了电参数和弹性参数的非常狭窄的窗口，允许存在气泡域。这些发现突出了超薄铁电结构中可能存在的极性拓扑的丰富性，并提出了由于拓扑转变而出现功能性的前景。
更新日期：2017-10-24
中文翻译：
超薄铁电薄膜中的纳米尺度气泡域和拓扑转变。
据报道，观察到一种新型的纳米级铁电畴，称为“气泡畴”，其尺寸小于10 nm，侧向限制的球状体，其局部偶极子在与周围铁电基质的宏观极化相反的方向上自对准。气泡域出现在超薄外延PbZr 0.2 Ti 0.8 O 3 / SrTiO 3 / PbZr 0.2 Ti 0.8 O 3中由于电荷和晶格自由度之间的相互作用，铁电夹层结构。高分辨率压电响应力显微镜（PFM）揭示了气泡域的存在，而偏振位移的像差校正原子分辨率扫描透射电子显微镜则证实了气泡域的存在。在这些畴中发现了不相称的相位和对称性破裂，导致局部极化旋转，因此赋予气泡畴壁以混合的Néel–Bloch样特征。气泡域的PFM磁滞回线表明，它们在电场作用下经历了不可逆的相变到圆柱域，并伴随着机电响应的瞬态上升。观察结果与从头开始的计算相符，这揭示了电参数和弹性参数的非常狭窄的窗口，允许存在气泡域。这些发现突出了超薄铁电结构中可能存在的极性拓扑的丰富性，并提出了由于拓扑转变而出现功能性的前景。
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