MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small endogenous RNAs that regulate gene-expression posttranscriptionally. MiRNA research in allergy is expanding because miRNAs are crucial regulators of gene expression and promising candidates for biomarker development. MiRNA mimics and miRNA inhibitors currently in preclinical development have shown promise as novel therapeutic agents. Multiple technological platforms have been developed for miRNA isolation, miRNA quantitation, miRNA profiling, miRNA target detection, and modulating miRNA levels in vitro and in vivo. Here we will review the major technological platforms with consideration given for the advantages and disadvantages of each platform.

微小RNA（miRNA）是小的内源性RNA，可转录后调控基因的表达。由于miRNA是基因表达的关键调节剂，并且是生物标志物开发的有前途的候选者，因此在过敏方面的MiRNA研究正在不断扩大。目前在临床前开发中的miRNA模拟物和miRNA抑制剂已显示出作为新型治疗剂的希望。已经开发了用于miRNA分离，miRNA定量，miRNA分析，miRNA靶标检测以及体外和体内调节miRNA水平的多种技术平台。在这里，我们将回顾主要技术平台，并考虑每个平台的优缺点。