Furan fatty acids are found in plants, algae, and fish, and reported to have some positive health benefits, including anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and inhibition of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation. A major metabolite of furan fatty acids, 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoic acid (CMPF), has been reported to be increased in patients who progress from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes, although CMPF is not necessarily associated with impaired glucose metabolism. Other studies report that CMPF levels are lower in subjects with diabetes than control subjects. Plasma CMPF levels increase in subjects who consume fish or fish oil, and in patients with renal failure. It is not known where furan fatty acids are converted to CMPF and it is speculated that this might be a result of microbiome activity. The plasma levels reported for CMPF in healthy, diabetic and patients with renal disease vary by factors of more than 100-fold within each of these three groups, so measurement error appears to be limiting the ability to interpret studies. This review explores these controversies and raises questions about whether CMPF is a marker for healthy diets or indeed associated with diabetes and renal health. The review concludes that, on balance, furan fatty acids are beneficial for health.

呋喃脂肪酸存在于植物，藻类和鱼类中，据报道具有一定的健康益处，包括抗氧化剂和抗炎活性以及对非酶类脂质过氧化的抑制作用。据报道，呋喃脂肪酸的主要代谢产物3-羧基-4-甲基-5-丙基-2-呋喃丙酸（CMPF）在从糖尿病前期进展为2型糖尿病的患者中增加，尽管CMPF不一定与葡萄糖代谢受损有关。其他研究报告说，糖尿病患者的CMPF水平低于对照组。食用鱼或鱼油的患者以及患有肾功能衰竭的患者血浆CMPF水平升高。目前尚不知道呋喃脂肪酸在哪里转化为CMPF，据推测这可能是微生物组活性的结果。在这三组中，报告的健康，糖尿病和肾病患者中CMPF的血浆水平相差100倍以上，因此测量误差似乎限制了解释研究的能力。这篇评论探讨了这些争议，并提出了有关CMPF是健康饮食的标志还是确实与糖尿病和肾脏健康有关的疑问。该综述得出的结论是，总的来说，呋喃脂肪酸对健康有益。