Establishment of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency following infection is a multistep process, during which polycomb proteins are recruited onto the KSHV genome, which is crucial for the genome-wide repression of lytic genes during latency. Strikingly, only a subset of lytic genes are expressed transiently in the early phase of infection prior to the binding of polycomb proteins onto the KSHV genome, which raises the question what restricts lytic gene expression in the first hours of infection. Here, we demonstrate that both CTCF and cohesin chromatin organizing factors are rapidly recruited to the viral genome prior to the binding of polycombs during de novo infection, but only cohesin is required for the genome-wide inhibition of lytic genes. We propose that cohesin is required for the establishment of KSHV latency by initiating the repression of lytic genes following infection, which is an essential step in persistent infection of humans.

感染后建立卡波西氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒（KSHV）潜伏期是一个多步骤过程，在此过程中，将多梳蛋白募集到KSHV基因组上，这对于潜伏期对全基因组裂解基因的抑制至关重要。令人惊讶的是，在感染的早期阶段，只有溶菌基因的一个子集在将多梳蛋白结合到KSHV基因组之前瞬时表达，这引发了一个问题，即在感染的最初几个小时内限制了溶菌基因的表达。在这里，我们证明，CTCF和黏附素染色质组织因子都可以迅速重新募集到病毒基因组中，然后再从头结合多梳子。感染，但仅粘着蛋白是全基因组裂解基因抑制所必需的。我们提出，通过在感染后启动裂解基因的抑制来建立KSHV潜伏期需要粘着蛋白，这是人类持续感染的重要步骤。