A high throughput, low environmental impact methodology for rapid determination of phenoxy carboxylic acids (PCAs) in water samples was developed by combing dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) using velvet-like graphitic carbon nitride (V-g-C3N4) and direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Due to the large surface area and good dispersity of V-g-C3N4, the DSPE of PCAs in water was completed within 20 s, and the elution of PCAs was accomplished in 20 s as well using methanol. The eluents were then analyzed and quantified using DART ionization source coupled to a high resolution mass spectrometer, where an internal standard was added in the samples. The limit of detection ranged from 0.5 ng L-1 to 2 ng L-1 on the basis of 50 mL water sample; the recovery 79.9-119.1%; and the relative standard deviation 0.23%-9.82% (≥5 replicates). With the ease of use and speed of DART-MS, the whole protocol can complete within mere minutes, including sample preparation, extraction, elution, detection and quantitation. The methodology developed here is simple, fast, sensitive, quantitative, requiring little sample preparation and consuming significantly less toxic organic solvent, which can be used for high throughput screening of PCAs and potentially other contaminants in water.

中文翻译：

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用分散固相萃取高通量筛选苯氧基羧酸，然后在实时质谱中进行直接分析

通过结合使用天鹅绒状石墨氮化碳 (Vg-C3N4) 的分散固相萃取 (DSPE) 和实时直接分析，开发了一种高通量、低环境影响的快速测定水样中苯氧基羧酸 (PCA) 的方法质谱（DART-MS）。由于Vg-C3N4的表面积大且分散性好，PCA在水中的DSPE在20秒内完成，而PCA的洗脱也在20秒内用甲醇完成。然后使用与高分辨率质谱仪耦合的 DART 电离源对洗脱液进行分析和定量，其中在样品中添加了内标。检出限为0.5 ng L-1～2 ng L-1，以50 mL水样为基准；回收率79.9-119.1%；相对标准偏差0.23%-9。82%（≥5 次重复）。凭借 DART-MS 的易用性和速度，整个方案可以在短短几分钟内完成，包括样品制备、提取、洗脱、检测和定量。这里开发的方法简单、快速、灵敏、定量，几乎不需要样品制备，消耗的有毒有机溶剂显着减少，可用于高通量筛选 PCA 和水中潜在的其他污染物。