Associative memory formation is essential for an animal's survival by ensuring adaptive behavioral responses in an ever-changing environment. This is particularly important under conditions of immediate threats such as in fear learning. One of the key brain regions involved in associative fear learning is the amygdala. The basolateral amygdala is the main entry site for sensory information to the amygdala complex, and local plasticity in excitatory basolateral amygdala principal neurons is considered to be crucial for learning of conditioned fear responses. However, activity and plasticity of excitatory circuits are tightly controlled by local inhibitory interneurons in a spatially and temporally defined manner. In this review, we provide an updated view on how distinct interneuron subtypes in the basolateral amygdala contribute to the acquisition and extinction of conditioned fear memories.

中文翻译：

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杏仁核抑制回路调节联想恐惧条件反射

通过确保在不断变化的环境中的适应性行为反应，联想记忆的形成对于动物的生存至关重要。这在诸如恐惧学习等直接威胁的情况下尤为重要。参与联想恐惧学习的关键大脑区域之一是杏仁核。基底外侧杏仁核是杏仁核复合体感觉信息的主要入口，兴奋性基底外侧杏仁核主要神经元的局部可塑性被认为是学习条件恐惧反应的关键。然而，兴奋性回路的活动和可塑性受到局部抑制性中间神经元以空间和时间定义的方式严格控制。在这次审查中，