Abstract Water blown rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams are produced by using in situ polymerized polyols functionalized with graphene oxide (GO). The effect of the polyol functionalized with GO on the foaming kinetics, cellular structure, thermal conductivity, and compressive mechanical properties of the RPU foams is investigated. The inclusion of small amounts of GO in the system (0.017, 0.033 and 0.088 wt%) allows reducing the cell size up to 33%. The thermal conductivity is also reduced in nanocomposites foams. The inclusion of the GO particles deteriorates the mechanical performance of the materials. On the other hand, the effect of GO on the polymerization reaction kinetics are evaluated by infrared expandometry, FTIR spectroscopy and reaction temperature measurements. These kinetic studies show that the presence of the particles induces high percentages of urea groups during foaming, and hence the resulting foams show higher expansion. Isocyanate conversion and the temperature reached for the foam containing GO slightly decrease with respect to those of the pure foam.

中文翻译：

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含氧化石墨烯的聚环氧丙烷多元醇制备的硬质聚氨酯泡沫的合成、表征和物理性能

摘要 水发泡硬质聚氨酯 (RPU) 泡沫是通过使用氧化石墨烯 (GO) 功能化的原位聚合多元醇生产的。研究了用 GO 官能化的多元醇对 RPU 泡沫的发泡动力学、多孔结构、热导率和压缩机械性能的影响。在系统中加入少量 GO（0.017、0.033 和 0.088 wt%）可以将电池尺寸减小至 33%。纳米复合泡沫的热导率也降低。GO颗粒的加入会降低材料的机械性能。另一方面，GO对聚合反应动力学的影响通过红外膨胀法、FTIR光谱和反应温度测量进行评估。这些动力学研究表明，颗粒的存在会在发泡过程中诱导高百分比的脲基团，因此所得泡沫显示出更高的膨胀。与纯泡沫相比，含 GO 的泡沫的异氰酸酯转化率和达到的温度略有降低。