In this review the molecular structures of a series of trinuclear alkynyl and diynyl Group 11 cations [{M₃(μ-dppm)₃}(X)_n]⁽³⁻ⁿ⁾⁺ (M = Cu, Ag; n = 1, 2; where X is an alkynyl or diynyl group, an inorganic anion or solvent) are considered from the points of view of (i) the dimensions and geometries of the M₃(P–P)₃ cores, (ii) the conformations of the dppm ligands, and (iii) the attachment of the alkynyl and diynyl ligands. In the crowded [M₃(μ-dppm)₃]³⁺ core, the dppm ligands are arranged so that there is always one CH₂ group up and two down, to give pseudo mirror symmetry perpendicular to the M₃ plane (crystallographic in some cases). Attachment of the alkynyl or diynyl substituent(s) occurs roughly normal to the M₃ plane; according to their perpendicularity, the C(1) atom may be μ₂ or μ₃. In most cases where only one alkynyl or diynyl ligand is present, a second ligand is also attached to the M₃ core. Unusual and interesting dispositions/conformations of the dppm ligands are widespread, among the mono–diynyl complexes in particular, whereby some phosphorus donor atoms lie at unusual distances out of the M₃ planes, a concomitant of strong agostic interactions between phenyl H atoms and the atoms of the open M₃ face, and weak M⋯M interactions. With one X group, CH⋯M interactions persist on the other face, with CH⋯X interactions with the alkyne affecting the inclination of the alkyne and the conformation of the Ph rings. With two substituents (one of which may be a loosely bound anion), similar interactions may occur, accompanied by twisting of the dppm chelate ring to displace P atoms from the M₃ plane. These factors possibly inhibit formation of the bis(diyndiyl) complexes, which are only obtained under more strongly basic conditions.

在这篇综述中，一系列三核炔基和二炔基11号阳离子的分子结构[{M ₃（μ-dppm）₃ }（X）_n ] ^{（3- n）+}（M  =  Cu，Ag; n  =  1， 2；其中X是炔基或二炔基，是无机阴离子或溶剂）是从以下方面考虑：（i）M ₃（P-P）₃核的尺寸和几何形状，（ii） dppm配体，和（iii）炔基和二炔基配体的连接。在拥挤的[M ₃（μ-dppm）₃ ] ³⁺核中，dppm配体排列成始终有一个CH₂组向上和₂组向下，以提供垂直于M ₃平面的伪镜像对称（在某些情况下为晶体学）。炔基或二炔基取代基的附接大致垂直于M ₃平面。根据它们的垂直度，所述C（1）原子可以是μ ₂或μ ₃。在大多数情况下，仅存在一个炔基或二炔基配体，第二个配体也连接至M ₃核心。dppm配体的异常有趣的构型/构型普遍存在，尤其是在单二炔基络合物中，由此一些磷供体原子位于M _3之外的不寻常距离处平面是苯H原子与开放M ₃面的原子之间的强原子相互作用和弱M⋯M相互作用的伴随物。在一个X基团中，C H⋯M相互作用在另一面上持续存在，C H⋯X与炔烃的相互作用会影响炔烃的倾角和Ph环的构象。对于两个取代基（其中一个可以是松散结合的阴离子），可能会发生类似的相互作用，并伴有dppm螯合环的扭曲，从而使M ₃平面上的P原子移位。这些因素可能会抑制双（二炔二基）配合物的形成，而双（二炔二基）配合物只能在更强的碱性条件下获得。