Background Colorectal cancers are the third most common cancers in women and men in the USA. While dietary and lifestyle factors such as Western diet, physical inactivity and obesity have been linked to an increased risk of this malignancy, the mechanisms for these associations are unclear. GI hormones, including ghrelin, are involved in energy balance by mediating appetite and metabolism; however, the association between ghrelin and colorectal cancer has not been studied. Methods We conducted a case–control study nested within the all-male Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study of Finnish smokers (aged 50–69 years) to examine serum ghrelin concentration and colorectal cancer risk. Data from 284 colon and 239 rectal cancers and 523 controls (matched on age, date of blood draw and serum availability) were analysed. ORs and 95% CIs were calculated using multivariable (conditional) logistic regression. Results Overall, low-serum ghrelin was significantly associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer (Q1 vs Q4: OR:1.57, 95% CI 1.05 to 2.34). For individuals developing tumours within 10 years of blood draw, those in the lowest quartile of serum ghrelin concentrations were statistically significantly more likely to develop colorectal cancers than those with higher serum ghrelin concentrations (OR: 10.86, 95% CI 5.01 to 23.55). However, for individuals with tumours developing more than 20 years after blood draw, low-serum ghrelin concentrations were associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer relative to those with the highest serum ghrelin concentrations (OR: 0.26, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.64). Conclusion Low-serum ghrelin was associated with an increased colorectal cancer risk within 10 years of blood draw with a decreased risk for developing colorectal cancer more than 20 years after blood draw. These results suggest that ghrelin concentrations may vary across the carcinogenic process.

中文翻译：

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ATBC 研究中血清生长素释放肽与结直肠腺癌的风险相关


背景结直肠癌是美国女性和男性中第三大常见癌症。虽然西方饮食、缺乏身体活动和肥胖等饮食和生活方式因素与这种恶性肿瘤的风险增加有关，但这些关联的机制尚不清楚。胃肠道激素，包括生长素释放肽，通过调节食欲和新陈代谢来参与能量平衡；然而，胃饥饿素与结直肠癌之间的关联尚未得到研究。方法 我们在芬兰吸烟者（50-69 岁）的全男性α-生育酚、β-胡萝卜素癌症预防研究中进行了一项病例对照研究，以检查血清生长素释放肽浓度和结直肠癌风险。分析了 284 例结肠癌和 239 例直肠癌以及 523 例对照者的数据（根据年龄、抽血日期和血清可用性进行匹配）。 OR 和 95% CI 使用多变量（条件）逻辑回归计算。结果 总体而言，低血清生长素释放肽与结直肠癌风险增加显着相关（Q1 与 Q4：OR：1.57，95% CI 1.05 至 2.34）。对于抽血 10 年内发生肿瘤的个体，血清 ghrelin 浓度最低四分位数的个体比血清 ghrelin 浓度较高的个体在统计学上显着更容易患结直肠癌（OR：10.86，95% CI 5.01 至 23.55）。然而，对于抽血后 20 多年发生肿瘤的个体，相对于血清 ghrelin 浓度最高的个体，低血清 ghrelin 浓度与结直肠癌风险降低相关（OR：0.26，95% CI 0.11 至 0.64） 。 结论 低血清生长素释放肽与抽血 10 年内结直肠癌风险增加相关，而抽血 20 年后患结直肠癌的风险降低。这些结果表明，生长素释放肽浓度在整个致癌过程中可能会有所不同。