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Responsive Photonic Crystal Carbohydrate Hydrogel Sensor Materials for Selective and Sensitive Lectin Protein Detection
ACS Sensors ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2017-10-04 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00426
Zhongyu Cai 1 , Aniruddha Sasmal 1 , Xinyu Liu 1 , Sanford A. Asher 1
Affiliation  

Lectin proteins, such as the highly toxic lectin protein, ricin, and the immunochemically important lectin, jacalin, play significant roles in many biological functions. It is highly desirable to develop a simple but efficient method to selectively detect lectin proteins. Here we report the development of carbohydrate containing responsive hydrogel sensing materials for the selective detection of lectin proteins. The copolymerization of a vinyl linked carbohydrate monomer with acrylamide and acrylic acid forms a carbohydrate hydrogel that shows specific “multivalent” binding to lectin proteins. The resulting carbohydrate hydrogels are attached to 2-D photonic crystals (PCs) that brightly diffract visible light. This diffraction provides an optical readout that sensitively monitors the hydrogel volume. We utilize lactose, galactose, and mannose containing hydrogels to fabricate a series of 2-D PC sensors that show strong selective binding to the lectin proteins ricin, jacalin, and concanavalin A (Con A). This binding causes a carbohydrate hydrogel shrinkage which significantly shifts the diffraction wavelength. The resulting 2-D PC sensors can selectively detect the lectin proteins ricin, jacalin, and Con A. These unoptimized 2-D PC hydrogel sensors show a limit of detection (LoD) of 7.5 × 10–8 M for ricin, a LoD of 2.3 × 10–7 M for jacalin, and a LoD of 3.8 × 10–8 M for Con A, respectively. This sensor fabrication approach may enable numerous sensors for the selective detection of numerous lectin proteins.

中文翻译:

用于选择性和敏感凝集素蛋白检测的响应式光子晶体碳水化合物水凝胶传感器材料

凝集素蛋白,例如剧毒的凝集素蛋白蓖麻毒蛋白和免疫化学重要的凝集素贾卡林,在许多生物学功能中起重要作用。迫切需要开发一种简单而有效的方法来选择性地检测凝集素蛋白。在这里,我们报告含糖的响应性水凝胶传感材料的发展,用于选择性检测凝集素蛋白。乙烯基连接的碳水化合物单体与丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸的共聚形成了碳水化合物水凝胶,该碳水化合物水凝胶显示出与凝集素蛋白的特定“多价”结合。所得的碳水化合物水凝胶与明亮地衍射可见光的二维光子晶体(PC)相连。该衍射提供了灵敏地监测水凝胶体积的光学读数。我们利用乳糖,半乳糖,和含甘露糖的水凝胶来制造一系列2-D PC传感器,这些传感器对凝集素蛋白蓖麻毒蛋白,蓖麻蛋白和伴刀豆球蛋白A(Con A)表现出强烈的选择性结合。这种结合导致碳水化合物水凝胶收缩,这大大改变了衍射波长。所得的2-D PC传感器可以选择性地检测凝集素蛋白蓖麻毒素,蓖麻蛋白和ConA。这些未经优化的2-D PC水凝胶传感器的检测限(LoD)为7.5×10-8 M代表蓖麻毒蛋白,2.3×10的LoD -7 M代表木菠萝凝集素,和3.8×10的LOD,-8,分别M代表的Con A。这种传感器制造方法可以使多种传感器能够选择性地检测多种凝集素蛋白。
更新日期:2017-10-04
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