Targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) with ⁶⁸Ga-labeled and ¹⁸F-labeled PET agents has become increasingly important in recent years. Imaging of biochemically recurrent prostate cancer has been established as a widely accepted clinical indication for PSMA ligand PET/CT in many parts of the world because of the results of multiple, primarily retrospective, studies that indicate superior detection efficacy compared with standard-of-care imaging. For high-risk primary prostate cancer, evidence is growing that this modality significantly aids in the detection of otherwise occult nodal and bone metastases. For both clinical indications in recurrent as well as in primary prostate cancer, preliminary data demonstrate a substantial impact on clinical management. Emerging data imply that intraprostatic tumor localization, therapy stratification, and treatment monitoring of advanced disease in specific clinical situations might become future indications. Current criteria for image reporting of PSMA ligand PET are evolving given the expanding body of literature on physiologic and pathologic uptake patterns and pitfalls. This article intends to give an educational overview on the current status of PSMA ligand PET imaging, including imaging procedure and interpretation, clinical indications, diagnostic potential, and impact on treatment planning.

靶向具有⁶⁸ Ga标记和¹⁸ Ga标记的前列腺特异性膜抗原（PSMA）近年来，F标记的PET试剂变得越来越重要。由于多项主要回顾性研究的结果表明，生化复发性前列腺癌的影像学已被确定为PSMA配体PET / CT在世界许多地方的广泛接受的临床指征，与标准治疗方法相比，具有更高的检测功效。成像。对于高危原发性前列腺癌，越来越多的证据表明，这种方式显着有助于检测其他隐匿性淋巴结和骨转移。对于复发性和原发性前列腺癌的两种临床指征，初步数据均显示对临床管理具有重大影响。新兴数据暗示前列腺内肿瘤定位，治疗分层，在特定临床情况下对晚期疾病的治疗监测可能会成为未来的适应症。鉴于有关生理和病理学摄取模式和缺陷的文献不断增加，目前PSMA配体PET图像报告的标准正在发展。本文旨在就PSMA配体PET成像的当前状况提供教育性概述，包括成像程序和解释，临床适应症，诊断潜力以及对治疗计划的影响。