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Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Endemic Viruses and Lethal Brain Disease
Annual Review of Virology ( IF 8.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-virology-101416-041439
Sheila A Haley 1 , Walter J Atwood 1
Affiliation  

In 1971, the first human polyomavirus was isolated from the brain of a patient who died from a rapidly progressing demyelinating disease known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. The virus was named JC virus after the initials of the patient. In that same year a second human polyomavirus was discovered in the urine of a kidney transplant patient and named BK virus. In the intervening years it became clear that both viruses were widespread in the human population but only rarely caused disease. The past decade has witnessed the discovery of eleven new human polyomaviruses, two of which cause unusual and rare cancers. We present an overview of the history of these viruses and the evolution of JC polyomavirus–induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy over three different epochs. We review what is currently known about JC polyomavirus, what is suspected, and what remains to be done to understand the biology of how this mostly harmless endemic virus gives rise to lethal disease.

中文翻译:


进行性多灶性白质脑病:地方性病毒和致命性脑病

1971年,第一个人类多瘤病毒从一名死于快速进展的脱髓鞘疾病(称为进行性多灶性白质脑病)的患者的大脑中分离出来。该病毒以患者名字的首字母命名为JC病毒。同年,在一名肾移植患者的尿液中发现了第二种人类多瘤病毒,并将其命名为 BK 病毒。在随后的几年里,人们清楚地认识到这两种病毒在人群中广泛传播,但很少引起疾病。在过去的十年中,发现了十一种新的人类多瘤病毒,其中两种会导致不寻常和罕见的癌症。我们概述了这些病毒的历史以及 JC 多瘤病毒在三个不同时期诱发的进行性多灶性白质脑病的演变。我们回顾了目前对 JC 多瘤病毒的了解、怀疑的情况以及需要采取哪些措施来了解这种几乎无害的地方性病毒如何引起致命疾病的生物学原理。

更新日期:2017-09-29
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