With the fast‐growing demand for green and safe energy sources, rechargeable ion batteries have gradually occupied the major current market of energy storage devices due to their advantages of high capacities, long cycling life, superior rate ability, and so on. Metallic Sn‐based anodes are perceived as one of the most promising alternatives to the conventional graphite anode and have attracted great attention due to the high theoretical capacities of Sn in both lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) (994 mA h g⁻¹) and sodium‐ion batteries (847 mA h g⁻¹). Though Sony has used Sn–Co–C nanocomposites as its commercial LIB anodes, to develop even better batteries using metallic Sn‐based anodes there are still two main obstacles that must be overcome: poor cycling stability and low coulombic efficiency. In this review, the latest and most outstanding developments in metallic Sn‐based anodes for LIBs and SIBs are summarized. And it covers the modification strategies including size control, alloying, and structure design to effectually improve the electrochemical properties. The superiorities and limitations are analyzed and discussed, aiming to provide an in‐depth understanding of the theoretical works and practical developments of metallic Sn‐based anode materials.

中文翻译：

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金属锡基负极材料：在高性能锂离子和钠离子电池中的应用

随着人们对绿色、安全能源需求的快速增长，可充电离子电池以其容量高、循环寿命长、倍率性能优越等优点逐渐占据了当前储能装置的主要市场。金属锡基负极被认为是传统石墨负极最有前途的替代品之一，并且由于锡在锂离子电池（LIB）（994 mA hg -1 ）和钠中的高理论容量而引起了极大的^关注。 ‐离子电池（847 mA hg ^-1）。尽管索尼已使用Sn-Co-C纳米复合材料作为其商业LIB阳极，但要开发使用金属Sn基阳极的更好电池，仍然必须克服两个主要障碍：循环稳定性差和库仑效率低。在这篇综述中，总结了用于 LIB 和 SIB 的金属锡基阳极的最新和最突出的发展。涵盖了尺寸控制、合金化和结构设计等改性策略，以有效提高电化学性能。对金属锡基负极材料的优点和局限性进行了分析和讨论，旨在深入了解金属锡基负极材料的理论工作和实践发展。