Lipidomics is rapidly expanding because of the great facilitation of recent advances in, and novel applications of, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry techniques. The greatest demands have been for successful quantification of lipid classes, subclasses, and individual molecular species in biological samples at acceptable accuracy. This review addresses the selection of internal standards in different methods for accurate quantification of individual lipid species. The principles of quantification with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry are first discussed to recognize the essentials for quantification. The basics of different lipidomics approaches are overviewed to understand the variables that need to be considered for accurate quantification. The factors that affect accurate quantification are extensively discussed, and the solutions to resolve these factors are proposed‐largely through addition of internal standards. Finally, selection of internal standards for different methods is discussed in detail to address the issues of what, how, and why related to internal standards. We believe that thorough discussion of the topics related to internal standards should aid in quantitative analysis of lipid classes, subclasses, and individual molecular species and should have big impacts on advances in lipidomics. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:693–714, 2017

中文翻译：

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选择用于通过电喷雾电离质谱法准确定量生物提取物中复杂脂质种类的内标物-什么，如何以及为什么？

由于电喷雾电离质谱技术的最新进展和新应用的极大促进，脂质组学正在迅速扩展。最大的需求是以可接受的准确度成功定量生物样品中的脂质类，亚类和单个分子种类。这篇综述着重介绍了以不同方法对内标进行选择以准确定量单个脂质种类的方法。首先讨论了电喷雾电离质谱的定量原理，以认识到定量的必要性。概述了不同脂质组学方法的基础知识，以了解准确定量需要考虑的变量。广泛讨论了影响准确定量的因素，解决这些因素的解决方案主要是通过增加内部标准来提出的。最后，详细讨论了针对不同方法选择内部标准的问题，以解决与内部标准有关的内容，方式和原因的问题。我们认为，与内标相关的主题的深入讨论应有助于脂质类，亚类和单个分子种类的定量分析，并且应对脂质组学的发展产生重大影响。©2016 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.质谱修订版36：693–714，2017年 我们认为，与内标相关的主题的深入讨论应有助于脂质类，亚类和单个分子种类的定量分析，并且应对脂质组学的发展产生重大影响。分级为4 +©2016 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.Mass Spec Rev 36：693–714，2017 我们认为，与内标相关的主题的深入讨论应有助于脂质类，亚类和单个分子种类的定量分析，并且应对脂质组学的发展产生重大影响。分级为4 +©2016 Wiley Periodicals，Inc.Mass Spec Rev 36：693–714，2017