Proteomics is a rapidly maturing field aimed at the high‐throughput identification and quantification of all proteins in a biological system. The cornerstone of proteomic technology is tandem mass spectrometry of peptides resulting from the digestion of protein mixtures. The fragmentation pattern of each peptide ion is captured in its tandem mass spectrum, which enables its identification and acts as a fingerprint for the peptide. Spectral libraries are simply searchable collections of these fingerprints, which have taken on an increasingly prominent role in proteomic data analysis. This review describes the historical development of spectral libraries in proteomics, details the computational procedures behind library building and searching, surveys the current applications of spectral libraries, and discusses the outstanding challenges. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 36:634–648, 2017.

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肽串联质谱库及其在蛋白质组学研究中的作用

蛋白质组学是一个快速成熟的领域，旨在对生物系统中的所有蛋白质进行高通量鉴定和定量。蛋白质组学技术的基石是蛋白质混合物消化后产生的多肽的串联质谱。每个肽离子的碎片图谱都在其串联质谱图中捕获，这使它能够被识别并充当肽的指纹图谱。光谱库只是这些指纹的可搜索集合，它们在蛋白质组数据分析中的作用日益突出。这篇综述描述了蛋白质组学中谱库的历史发展，详细介绍了谱库构建和搜索背后的计算程序，概述了谱库的当前应用，并讨论了突出的挑战。