In the course of evolution, social dominance has been a strong force shaping the organization of social systems in many species. Individuals with a better ability to represent social dominance relationships and to adapt their behavior accordingly usually achieve better access to resources, hence providing benefits in terms of reproduction, health, and wellbeing. Understanding how and to what extent our brains are affected by social dominance requires interdisciplinary efforts. Here, we integrate findings from social neuroscience, evolutionary biology, and developmental psychology to highlight how social hierarchies are learned and represented in primates. We also review neuropharmacological findings showing how dopamine, serotonin, and testosterone influence social hierarchies and we emphasize their key clinical implications on vulnerabilities to neuropsychiatric disorders.

中文翻译：

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社会支配等级的综合跨学科视角

在进化过程中，社会支配地位一直是塑造许多物种社会系统组织的强大力量。具有更好能力代表社会支配关系并相应地调整其行为的个人通常可以更好地获得资源，从而在生殖、健康和福祉方面提供好处。了解我们的大脑如何以及在多大程度上受到社会支配地位的影响需要跨学科的努力。在这里，我们整合了社会神经科学、进化生物学和发育心理学的发现，以强调灵长类动物如何学习和表现社会等级。我们还回顾了神经药理学研究结果，显示多巴胺、血清素、