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New dimensions in salt–solvent mixtures: a 4th evolution of ionic liquids
Faraday Discussions ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-11 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00189d Douglas R. MacFarlane 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Alison L. Chong 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Maria Forsyth 5, 6, 7, 8 , Mega Kar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , R. Vijayaraghavan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Anthony Somers 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jennifer M. Pringle 5, 6, 7, 8
Faraday Discussions ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-11 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7fd00189d Douglas R. MacFarlane 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Alison L. Chong 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Maria Forsyth 5, 6, 7, 8 , Mega Kar 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , R. Vijayaraghavan 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Anthony Somers 5, 6, 7, 8 , Jennifer M. Pringle 5, 6, 7, 8
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In the field of ionic liquids (ILs) it has long been of fundamental interest to examine the transition from salt-in-solvent behaviour to pure liquid–salt behaviour, in terms of structures and properties. At the same time, a variety of applications have beneficially employed IL–solvent mixtures as media that offer an optimal set of properties. Their properties in many cases can be other than as expected on the basis of simple mixing concepts. Instead, they can reflect the distinct structural and interaction changes that occur as the mixture passes through the various stages from pure coulombic medium, to “plasticised” coulombic medium, into a meso-region where distinct molecular and ionic domains can co-exist. Such domains can persist to quite a high dilution into the salt-in-solvent regime and their presence manifests itself in a number of important synergistic interaction effects in diverse areas such as membrane transport and corrosion protection. Similarly, the use of ionic liquids in synthetic processes where there is a significant volume fraction of molecular species present can produce a variety of distinct and unexpected effects. The range of these salt–solvent mixtures is considerably broader than just those based on ionic liquids, since there is only minor value in the pure salt being a liquid at the outset. In other words, the extensive families of organic and metal salts become candidates for study and use. Our perspective then is of an evolution of ionic liquids into a broader field of fundamental phenomena and applications. This can draw on an even larger family of tuneable salts that exhibit an exciting combination of properties when mixed with molecular liquids.
中文翻译：
盐-溶剂混合物的新尺寸：离子液体的第四次发展
在离子液体（ILs）领域，从结构和性质的角度研究从溶剂中盐行为到纯液体盐行为的转变一直是人们的根本兴趣。同时，各种应用都有益地使用IL-溶剂混合物作为提供最佳性能的介质。在许多情况下，它们的特性可能不同于基于简单混合概念所预期的特性。取而代之的是，它们可以反映混合物从纯库仑介质到“增塑”库仑介质，进入介孔区的不同结构和相互作用的变化，介孔区可以共存不同的分子和离子域。这样的结构域可以在溶剂盐形式中持续高度稀释，并且它们的存在在膜运输和腐蚀防护等不同领域的许多重要的协同作用中表现出来。类似地，在存在大量分子种类的合成过程中，在合成过程中使用离子液体会产生各种不同且出乎意料的效果。这些盐-溶剂混合物的范围比仅基于离子液体的混合物宽得多，因为一开始纯净的盐仅是很小的价值。换句话说，广泛的有机盐和金属盐家族成为研究和使用的候选对象。然后，我们的观点是将离子液体演变成更广泛的基本现象和应用领域。
更新日期：2017-12-15
中文翻译：
盐-溶剂混合物的新尺寸：离子液体的第四次发展
在离子液体（ILs）领域，从结构和性质的角度研究从溶剂中盐行为到纯液体盐行为的转变一直是人们的根本兴趣。同时，各种应用都有益地使用IL-溶剂混合物作为提供最佳性能的介质。在许多情况下，它们的特性可能不同于基于简单混合概念所预期的特性。取而代之的是，它们可以反映混合物从纯库仑介质到“增塑”库仑介质，进入介孔区的不同结构和相互作用的变化，介孔区可以共存不同的分子和离子域。这样的结构域可以在溶剂盐形式中持续高度稀释，并且它们的存在在膜运输和腐蚀防护等不同领域的许多重要的协同作用中表现出来。类似地，在存在大量分子种类的合成过程中，在合成过程中使用离子液体会产生各种不同且出乎意料的效果。这些盐-溶剂混合物的范围比仅基于离子液体的混合物宽得多，因为一开始纯净的盐仅是很小的价值。换句话说，广泛的有机盐和金属盐家族成为研究和使用的候选对象。然后，我们的观点是将离子液体演变成更广泛的基本现象和应用领域。
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