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Early Diverging Fungi: Diversity and Impact at the Dawn of Terrestrial Life
Annual Review of Microbiology ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-030117-020324
Mary L. Berbee 1 , Timothy Y. James 2 , Christine Strullu-Derrien 3
Affiliation  

As decomposers or plant pathogens, fungi deploy invasive growth and powerful carbohydrate active enzymes to reduce multicellular plant tissues to humus and simple sugars. Fungi are perhaps also the most important mutualistic symbionts in modern ecosystems, transporting poorly soluble mineral nutrients to plants and thus enhancing the growth of vegetation. However, at their origin over a billion years ago, fungi, like plants and animals, were unicellular marine microbes. Like the other multicellular kingdoms, Fungi evolved increased size, complexity, and metabolic functioning. Interactions of fungi with plants changed terrestrial ecology and geology and modified the Earth's atmosphere. In this review, we discuss the diversification and ecological roles of the fungi over their first 600 million years, from their origin through their colonization of land, drawing on phylogenomic evidence for their relationships and metabolic capabilities and on molecular dating, fossils, and modeling of Earth's paleoclimate.

中文翻译:


早期发散真菌:地球生命黎明时的多样性和影响

作为分解物或植物病原体,真菌会利用侵袭性生长和强大的碳水化合物活性酶将多细胞植物组织还原为腐殖质和单糖。真菌也许也是现代生态系统中最重要的共生共生体,它将难溶的矿物质养分运至植物,从而促进了植被的生长。但是,真菌(如植物和动物)起源于十亿年前,是单细胞海洋微生物。像其他多细胞王国一样,真菌进化出增加的大小,复杂性和代谢功能。真菌与植物的相互作用改变了地球的生态和地质状况,并改变了地球的大气层。在这篇评论中,我们讨论了真菌在其最初的6亿年中的多样化和生态作用,

更新日期:2017-09-08
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