Acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) was first identified in mammals as a neuropeptide, and was demonstrated to belong to an important house-keeping protein family that extends across eukaryotes and some prokaryotes. In plants, the Arabidopsis ACBP family consists of six AtACBPs (AtACBP1 to AtACBP6), and has been investigated using gene knock-out mutants and overexpression lines. Herein, recent findings on the AtACBPs are examined to provide an insight on their functions in various plant developmental processes, such as embryo and seed development, seed dormancy and germination, seedling development and cuticle formation, as well as their roles under various environmental stresses. The significance of the AtACBPs in acyl-CoA/lipid metabolism, with focus on their interaction with long to very-long-chain (VLC) acyl-CoA esters and their potential role in the formation of lipid droplets in seeds and vegetative tissues are discussed. In addition, recent findings on the rice ACBP family are presented. The similarities and differences between ACBPs from Arabidopsis and rice, that represent eudicot and monocot model plants, respectively, are analyzed and the evolution of plant ACBPs by phylogenetic analysis reviewed. Finally, we propose potential uses of plant ACBPs in phytoremediation and in agriculture related to the improvement of environmental stress tolerance and seed oil production.

酰基辅酶A结合蛋白（ACBP）最初在哺乳动物中被鉴定为一种神经肽，并被证明是一个重要的持家蛋白家族，该家族跨越真核生物和一些原核生物。在植物中，拟南芥ACBP家族由六个AtACBP（AtACBP1至AtACBP6）组成，并已使用基因敲除突变体和过表达系进行了研究。在本文中，检查了关于AtACBPs的最新发现，以了解其在各种植物发育过程中的功能，例如胚芽和种子发育，种子休眠和萌发，幼苗发育和表皮形成，以及它们在各种环境胁迫下的作用。AtACBPs在酰基辅酶A /脂质代谢中的意义，重点讨论了它们与长链至超长链（VLC）酰基辅酶A酯的相互作用以及它们在种子和营养组织中脂滴形成中的潜在作用。此外，还介绍了水稻ACBP家族的最新发现。分析了拟南芥和单子叶植物分别代表拟南芥和水稻的ACBP之间的异同，并通过系统进化分析对了植物ACBP的进化进行了分析。最后，我们提出了植物ACBP在植物修复和农业中与改善环境胁迫耐受性和种子油生产相关的潜在用途。分析了拟南芥和单子叶植物分别代表拟南芥和水稻的ACBP之间的异同，并通过系统进化分析对了植物ACBP的进化进行了分析。最后，我们提出了植物ACBP在植物修复和农业中与改善环境胁迫耐受性和种子油生产相关的潜在用途。分析了拟南芥和单子叶植物分别代表拟南芥和水稻的ACBP之间的异同，并通过系统进化分析对了植物ACBP的进化进行了分析。最后，我们提出了植物ACBP在植物修复和农业中与改善环境胁迫耐受性和种子油生产相关的潜在用途。