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Plastics in the Marine Environment
Annual Review of Marine Science ( IF 14.3 ) Pub Date : 2017-01-03 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-marine-010816-060409
Kara Lavender Law 1
Affiliation  

Plastics contamination in the marine environment was first reported nearly 50 years ago, less than two decades after the rise of commercial plastics production, when less than 50 million metric tons were produced per year. In 2014, global plastics production surpassed 300 million metric tons per year. Plastic debris has been detected worldwide in all major marine habitats, in sizes from microns to meters. In response, concerns about risks to marine wildlife upon exposure to the varied forms of plastic debris have increased, stimulating new research into the extent and consequences of plastics contamination in the marine environment. Here, I present a framework to evaluate the current understanding of the sources, distribution, fate, and impacts of marine plastics. Despite remaining knowledge gaps in mass budgeting and challenges in investigating ecological impacts, the increasing evidence of the ubiquity of plastics contamination in the marine environment, the continued rapid growth in plastics production, and the evidence—albeit limited—of demonstrated impacts to marine wildlife support immediate implementation of source-reducing measures to decrease the potential risks of plastics in the marine ecosystem.

中文翻译:


海洋环境中的塑料

在近50年前首次报道了海洋环境中的塑料污染,这距离商业塑料产量的增长还不到二十年,那时每年的塑料产量不到5000万吨。2014年,全球塑料产量每年超过3亿吨。在全世界所有主要的海洋生境中都检测到了塑料碎片,其大小从微米到米。对此,人们越来越关注因暴露于各种形式的塑料碎片而对海洋野生生物造成的风险,这刺激了对海洋环境中塑料污染程度和后果的新研究。在这里,我提出了一个评估当前对船用塑料的来源,分布,命运和影响的理解的框架。

更新日期:2017-01-03
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